Holt Case Essay

The Holt Case relates to the company’s snapshot, case situation and key management issues pertaining to the Holt Renfrew which was being operated in Canada. Company Snapshot Holt Renfrew was constituted as a hat and fur shop in Quebec City in 1837. The company is recognized as one of the elite high-end retailers of Canada. Almost 10 stores were operated by the company in seven cities of Canada in which cosmetics and designer fashions were being sold such as Oscar de la Renta, Gucci, Prada, Dolce & Gabbana and Armani. These products were usually imported from Asia, Europe and the United States. The top quality was the base of Holt Renfrew brand which included private-label and branded assortments and designers that were exclusively for men and women. The Holt Renfrew was then owned by Galen Weston who is a Canadian business leader heading The Wittington Group. Case Situation During the observation of case situation, it was revealed that the staff used to spend much of the time in telephonic communication for adjusting and confirming previous orders. The stock of merchandise was quite high due to which staff remains busy on phone lines for orders tracking, delivery status, confirmation and shipment with transportation service providers and suppliers. The goods were delivered to the distribution centre by suppliers without prior intimation which used to cause inconvenience in scheduling routine tasks. Even it was not possible to determine whether right quality and quantity is being received. Warehouses were so much loaded that only in DC; inventory was stored around $40 million worth which created a hindrance in tracking the shipment in a timely manner. Even the complaint was lodged by store managers regarding overstocks of merchandises which prove the worse condition of warehouses. Key Management Issues The key management issues could be the closure of secondary warehouse and the consolidation of operational warehouse into DC. It would be useful for DC if the addition of mezzanine floor up to 20,000 square feet with a cost of $1 million could be practiced. Additionally, the warehouse problems arose due to overloaded stock. The reason behind this fact was the less sales target being accomplished and improper system involving excessive merchandises which was ordered without prior requisition or sanction and the same was too seriously complained by the store managers.

Communication Skills for Health Professionals Essay

Introduction Communication skills are important for health professionals because they deal with different situations and people every day. Furthermore, an example to use the appropriate communication is when the professional has to give bad news of an unfavourable diagnostics. For instance, the dentist to give the diagnostics of oral cancer for their patient, this situation is necessary to have correct communication to do the treatment and to give the correct support for their patient such as empathy and touch. Body Firstly, most of people who seek a professional health is because they are in unfarovable health condition and need special care. Also, it is very common in dental treatment because many people feel afraid when to go the dentist. It is proved that many of them feeling very anxious when they go to a dental treatment (Cockburn and Walters).Principally, in unfavourable diagnostics, for example oral cancer. In this context, the health professional have ability to provide the appropriate communication such empathy. For professional to be empathy is very important for all principally in bad news that involves patient and sometimes to their family fully to give information and to help continuing the treatment.(Mundada, 2012). A patient with an unfavourable diagnostics need of feel comfortable on various parameters and the empathy as communications is very helpful like dealing with your anxiety, expectations for your family can follow the treatment. The empathy interferes On impacts of the t reatment procedure and the expectations of what will be the treatment. This type of communications is extremely important in case the conversation, clarify doubts and speak as will be the treatment for the patient to be aware of what can happen and not have unexpected reactions. Secondly, it is very important factor and has a good ability of communication such as touch because it helps to support psychological care during treatment. Sometimes many doctors have difficult to deal with kind of situations such as painful, physical suffering impending death and bereavement (Cockburn and Walters, 1999). Also, it is known that many undergrade students are not trained in communications skills and many medical schools do not insist in this subject. Its represents the lack of  touch in a long time (Cockburn and Walters, 1999). The communication such as touch in the treatment sometimes is difficult to many doctors because they attend many people in the same day and they will have this situation for a long time.(Cockburn and Wlaters,1999) that occurs common factor and many times it is interfere in the patient treatment because they do not have the adequate type of this. Principally, with bad diagnostics that usually is not expected for anyone. One of the most difficult tasks for some doctors is to break bad news to a patient, such as a diagnosis of cancer. (Cockburn and Waterls, 1999) That may causes stress, familiars problems, emotional factors. The most appropriate commination skills is helpul to create a field to the patient feel comfortable and freely to do the procedure and touch in extremely important in this situation. The most important factor for the communicate is with professionalism and use the communication that can better confidence and quality of care in the patient.(Mundada,1992).Its helps the patient expects dentists to listen and understand their needs.(Mudunda,1992). Conclusion Take everything into account communications skills are essential for all health professionals. Sometimes, in medical schools this subject in not trained to undergrade (Cockburn and Walters). Also, lack of communication can interfere the patient treatment principally when is necessary give bad news that involves many emotional problems such as psychological and anxiety. Obviously, the professional cannot support all problems to their patient but give the appropriate support with professionalism and empathy and touch good cues of communication and it help the professionals to have a great impressive and attend the necessity of their patients.(Mundada and Walters). Reference: Annette Hannah, Ph.D.; C. Jane Milliamp, Ph.D.; Kathryn M.S. Ayers, M.D.S. A Communication Skills Course for Undergraduate Dental Students. Journal of Dental Education. Volume 68, Number 9 J. Cockburn and W. A.W. Walters. Communication between doctors and patients. Current Obstetrics & Gymecology (1999) 9, 34400 1999 Hat-court Brace & Co. Ltda. Mundada,Vikek. Effective communication skills and professionalism for better dentistepatient relationship. Indian Journal of Dentistry 2012.July e September Volume 3, Number 3; pp. 182 e 183.

African American and American Society Essay Example for Free (#2)

African American and American Society Essay African American (597) , African (466) , Racism (370) , American society (32) company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints ? African Americans No matter where or when a person lives, skin color, beliefs, class, or history he/she will see a difference in the way every ethnic group is treated. This world has never been fair for anyone. Life can treat a person with the greatest of care or it will treat a person as if he/she is lower than dirt. African Americans are no different. They have faced great hardships and triumphs throughout the years. Since they had been forced from their homeland they have been treated as if they had no rights or thoughts of their own. They were placed in the status of slaves even though they were human beings too. No matter if they were placed in the minority group by the dominate majority group of white Americans they remind structurally pluralism by keeping to their beliefs and traditions. Before and after slavery African Americans did not receive equal treatment. â€Å"Even when slavery ended, Jim Crow laws went into effect meaning that the very best of everything was reserved for white’s only-school, jobs, neighborhoods, hospitals, etc. † (Moore, 2008). In other words, the African Americans took the subordinate status to the dominant white Americans. Their race was used to dictate what rights they would be allowed to have in America. At one point, they did not have the right to be free and over the years they were given that right back. Even though they regained their right to be free, they still were not very free. They were only allowed to eat in certain places, drink from certain fountains, and ride in the back of the bus. This is not what would be called very free. They were not even given the opportunities to receive a quality education or to vote. â€Å"With the 1896 Supreme Court decision in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the separate by equal doctrine was upheld, and the system of segregation in the South was securely in place† (Merger, 2012, pg. 169). When it came to getting a quality education, they were placed at the bottom of the totem pole. The whites receive the best opportunities for receiving a quality education while the African Americans were not. It was not until the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case that African Americans were allowed a better education. â€Å"Separate schools were inherently unequal and imposed an inferior status on black children, causing irreparable psychological change† (Merger, 2012, pg. 173). The rights as citizens were also being denied by not allowing them to vote and make a proper living to take care of theirfamilies. Years ago, African Americans were not allowed to vote, so they had no say in the laws that were made that would deny them their rights as American citizens or human beings. This kept them from changing the laws that kept them from achieving economically and politically. The Civil Right Movement began a new era for African American. It was their gain of the right to vote and be elected to office that gave the some power over their rights as human beings and citizen in the economic and political environment. Even after everything that the African Americans have gone through, they still face prejudice and discrimination in all areas of their lives. It is no wonder that for some it feels as if it is never over. No matter what a person looks like, how he/she talks, their beliefs, where he/she lives, how much money he/she has, or what race he/she may come from we all bleed red and where cut from the same cloth. We all deserve to have the opportunities and resources that are out there to help better ourselves. African Americans are human beings too and they have the same rights as everyone else. African American and American Society. (2016, Dec 19).

The requisite behavior from diverse English proficiency levels Assignment

The requisite behavior from diverse English proficiency levels - Assignment Example The project main entailed an assessment of intra-language and inter-language inconsistency concerning the realization patterns of requests. The basic issues of the research of speech acts pertain to universality, which entails the determination of the degree of fundamental pragmatic types for particular acts anticipates to be dominant. Moreover, a suitable analytical framework for the assessment of speech acts advanced for this research is mainly based on a succession of a working hypothesis concerning constitutions of students for widespread features of requests.  The project main entailed an assessment of intra-language and inter-language inconsistency. The basic issues of the research of speech acts pertain to universality, which entails the determination of the degree of fundamental pragmatic types for particular acts anticipates to be dominant within any natural language. Suitable analytical framework for the assessment of speech acts advanced for this research is mainly based on a succession of a working hypothesis concerning constitutions of students for widespread features of requests.  Requests had three hypotheses concerning widespread characteristics namely requesting behavior is able to differentiate among fundamental phenomena encompassing kind of strategy as diverse from interior and external adjustment, requesting behavior is essentially based on selections from variability of alternatives stretching from direct to indirect issues, and the underlying scale of indirectness entails a minimum of three major types of alternatives.

Application of entry essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Application of entry - Essay Example Managing financial flows I was also thrilled when working with people and satisfying their needs. That’s why I was involved into recruitment and orientation as well as training and human resource policy. Later on I followed the path of counseling recruits and developing training programs. This work was bringing me a lot of pleasure as it involved research and development of new approaches which contributed to the enhancement of the staff skills as well as mine. My recruitment and counseling experience made me understand people better. Managing people and bringing changes into their perceptions and beliefs requires robust leadership skills. Particularly these are important when you are going to bring in changes through different training initiatives. I successfully managed to implement professional development programs and to make them as effective as possible. The next fascinating aspect in business is the ability to manage financial flows more efficiently as it is all about well-being of people and their families. Working as a payroll specialist I was aware of the importance of my work for hundreds of people. Processing multi-state payrolls for over 800 employees I felt responsibility for the prosperity of every of them. Through my career these two aspects – financial and humanitarian – intertwined into one amazing journey into life of thousands of people. During my studies I am going to incorporate substantial skills acquired when working as a payroll specialist and a recruiter. My personal statement about education is that it is the way to accomplish oneself and bring in a change into the life of other people. During the years of work I became aware of the need to initiate these changes in myself. I have a strong intention to enlarge my knowledge about business and accomplish it with theory. My practical experience will be a good back up for generating new knowledge and developing new vision of management in all

Law of Evidence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law of Evidence - Essay Example Evidence from the central cog around which all cases are based upon and in many cases the facts must align with all other circumstances in order for the case to be successful. In Goldsmith v Sandilands (2002) 76 ALJR 1024 (HCA), it was held that evidence is admissible generally only if it proves a fact under determination or a fact relevant to the case. In the past, the law of evidence was based on witness statements and other circumstantial evidence such as tools of crime, for example a gun or a knife found in possession of the culprit. These form the evidential component of the case which when put together with the law, the case become valid. In modern times, evidence has gained more legitimacy in courts of law as they form the basis around which many cases are established. In modern judicial jurisprudence, evidence from both sides of an adversarial system is weighed against each other and a final determination is undertaken based on the outcome of this comparison. A party whose case is founded entirely on weak evidential basis eventually loses the case. There are basically two broad types of judicial systems, that is one system is based on a jury system whereas the other system is purely based on a magistrate system. The jury system is mostly practiced in the United States whereas the magistrate system is in other commonwealth countries led by the United Kingdom. The role of these two institutions when it comes to evidence is quite diverse. Given the fact that both these offices are based on the need to have a final habiter on each court case, evidence becomes the only means through which a case can be determined especially in cases where the law is clear. This essay will examine the role of each given the fact that burden of proof is usually the basis around which every case is determined. In a jury system, a selection of individuals is randomly selected from the population and their views based on the evidence and the law will determine the

How has globalization (or regionalisation) impacted public policy Essay

How has globalization (or regionalisation) impacted public policy formulation and implementation in Canada - Essay Example The positive side of globalisation is that it has provided opportunities for streamlining of public policies with the international standards. Technology has become an important tool for implementation of public policies as the government has an efficient platform to communicate and roll out their public policies. While Canada has come under spot for failing to face globalisatio head on, there is evidence that many changes have come up due to the new era. Therefore, it is clear that globalisation has had both negative and positive impacts in the development and implementation of public policies. One impact of globalisation is that it came about with social transformation within the country. The era of internationalisation saw many people move from one region to the other in search for a living or for economic reasons. The result was the formation of a diverse population that demanded new public policies to govern. The employment sector in Canada is one of the areas that experienced as people of different races, culture, religion and color filled the labor market raising a number of issues. The gender-wage gap in particular became a serious issue for Canada as result of globalisation. The gender wage gap in Canada has been a controversial issue since early 1980s when this difference was noted. Cornish and Faraday (2008) noted that women salary for equal position in Ontario is 29% below that of women indicating a wide salary gap across the gender boundaries. A close look at the wage gap trends indicates that there has only been slight improvement in the last 25 years despite the numerous efforts to close this gap. In 1987, before the emergence of wage gap activists, the wage gap was approximately 37% in Ontario. These trends indicate that the efforts to bring down the gap have been undermined and the gap remains wide. Cornish (2009) points out the wage gap has affected aboriginal women who have migrated to Ontario in search for a job. This trend in

Research summary Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary - Research Paper Example Vascular lesion is considered as its leading cause, but scholars believe that trauma and tumors may also result in AOS. In AOS, there is loss of control in articulation resulting in reduced ability to sequence, time and coordinate the phonemes that lead to speech errors. The articulation is disrupted due to damage in central nervous system. It is characterized by persistent dysprosody or speech having abnormal rhythm, stress and intonation with repeated utterances in order to become articulate. It is often confused with Aphasia or conduction aphasia and Dysarthria. While Aphasia highlights language deficit and cannot select correct phonemes but has speech continuity, AOS uses correct phonemes but cannot articulate due to motor deficiency and therefore, speech is halting and repetitive. On the other hand, Dysarthria affects articulation due to muscle impairment while AOS has linguistic error is due to lack of motor control. There is more than one type of AOS as defined by the damages in different part of brain. The treatment is often focused on speech articulation therapy that is designed to improve intonation and stress through repetition of words and speech sound. Augmentative devices and alternative means like gestures, drawing, writing etc. are used for severe AOS patients. The research shows that efficacy of treatment mainly relies on experimental designs as per the needs of the patients. The study is hugely significant because it has helped to distinguish it from the various other forms of speech disorders. Most importantly, clear diagnosis has helped clinicians to address its intervention techniques. I strongly believe that the paper encourages more in depth study of the subject so that new variant of AOS could be identified. AOS is complex in its characterization and causes. As such, it necessitates early deduction so that patients can use appropriate intervention to bring under control the

How can theories of the social construction of technology (SCOT) help Essay

How can theories of the social construction of technology (SCOT) help inform the innovation processes by which novel technologie - Essay Example And, dialectically speaking advancements in one become the development of the other. It could happen in the other way around too; regressive societies could not only hinder technological reconstruction but also gave birth to regressive technologies as happened in Fascist Germany. The paper intends to analyze the complex paradigm in which social construction of technology and innovation and creativity in technological development go hand in hand. Social Construction of Technology, Innovation and Smart Technology Social reality must be identified as inherently pluralist. Berger and Luckmann note that â€Å"pluralism encourages both skepticism and innovation and is thus inherently subversive of the taken-for-granted reality of the traditional status quo. One can readily sympathize with the experts in the traditional definitions of reality when they think back nostalgically to the times when these definitions had a monopoly† (Berger and Luckmann, 1966, p. 115). Social construction of technology changes according to the nature of the prevailing paradigms of knowledge production. According to Thomas Kuhn, scientific development is no miraculous leaps by great scientists because â€Å"a new theory, however special its range of application, is seldom or never just an increment to what is already known. Its assimilation requires the reconstruction of prior theory and the re-evaluation of prior fact, an intrinsically revolutionary process that is seldom completed by a single man and never overnight† (1996, p.7). Certainly, many great technological interventions are known with name of individual scientists. However, every scientists work within a paradigm which is collectively constructed. Therefore, it is possible to argue that technologies are socially constructed. For instance, computer logarithms are the product of late capitalism but it would not have been possible without the ancient Indian invention of zero. Here, it is important to remember that scie nce is not supreme or infallible. Science and technology are necessarily social constructs and social products. Moreover, â€Å"science emerges as very human and – by necessity – constrained enterprise, even if its findings are subsequently presented as canonical† (Irwin, 1995, p.49). The terminology and language related to the technological discourses are crucial for understanding the social construction of technology. Therefore, Berger and Luckmann argue that â€Å"the common objectivations of everyday life are maintained primarily by linguistic signification. Everyday life is, above all, life with and by means of the language I share with my fellowmen. An understanding of language is thus essential for any understanding of the reality of everyday life† (1966, p.37). Language plays a major role in the social construction of technology as technology is a cultural product too. And, technology, on the other hand, changes language. For instance, social netw orking sites such as Facebook and Twitter have caused a metamorphosis in the way people use English language. Social construction of technology challenges the monopolistic claims by science and scientific community on the production of technologies. Non-deterministic â€Å"accounts of artifacts and technologies show that scientific knowledge plays little direct role in the development of even many state of the art technologies. Historians and other theorists have argued that there are

Returning to College Essay Example for Free

Returning to College Essay At the beginning of 2013 I had a discussion with my co worker about returning back to school, and the I was indecisive on what I wanted to major in. So she suggested that I do online courses, and major in Organizational Management since I wanted to become a manager within the company I am currently employed. She referred me to Ashford University, and I must say that I am very happy that she referred me to this university because it works perfectly with my work schedule. In 2002 I was accepted into Lemoyne Owens University back in Memphis,  Tennessee to major in Child Development and Education because I wanted to be a elementary school teacher. I did not attend the university because the university wanted my parents to pay more in tuition than what they were offering me in Financial Aid. At the time student loans was not an option for me for I decided to attend a Junior College instead. My first year and a half at Laney Junior College I took cosmetology classes because Laney did not offer Child Development courses and the other junior colleges classes were full. I graduated with my Associates Degree in Cosmetology in 2004, and  returned to receive my Associates Degree in Business Administration. Although I started off taking business courses I ended up switching my major to receive my Associates Degree in Liberal Arts, because it would have taken 3 years to receive my degree in business admin. Once I graduated in 2006 with my Liberal Arts degree I decided not to go back to school after that although I wanted to. I decided to put all of my effort into my 3 job, until 7 years down the line one of my co workers who is also a student at Ashford University convinced me to return to school to get my Bachelor’s Degree. Returning back to school was frequently on my mind but I did not know how to fit it in with my busy work schedule, and I felt that my writing skills were not up to the college level like they should be. Obtaining a higher degree is very important to me because it can possibly help me in the long run career wise. I would love to own my own business some day, particularly my own day care center. I also would like to be an accountant and possibly have my own accounting business. There are times that I feel that my job gets in the way of me completing my school work. So I try to set time aside each day to complete at least one discussion each day and try to complete my assignments and responses over the weekend. There are things that tend to get in the way of those plans so I just end up staying up late to complete my work. I try my hardest not to let any obstacles get in my way but I can’t predict my life and each step as much as I wish that I could. I plan on graduating next year with my Bachelor’s in Organizational Management and then try to obtain my degree in Accounting. Returning back to school has so far been one of my best life decisions thus.

Assessing the Effects of the Asteroid on Dinosaurs

Assessing the Effects of the Asteroid on Dinosaurs The most widely accepted cause for the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs, at the end of the Cretaceous period, is the asteroid impact. The theory suggests that the impact of a giant asteroid, over 65 million years ago, wiped out the land roaming dinosaurs that inhabited the Earth for the entirety of the Mesozoic period (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990). The impact of this giant asteroid had many catastrophic effects on life, habitats, environments, sunlight, and temperature, proving to be devastating on the life of dinosaurs (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990). However, which of the impacts of this asteroid was most devastating to non-avian dinosaur life remains a question. An examination of several effects of the asteroid, will help us determine which factors proved to be most troublesome to dinosaurs, which effects could have been adapted and overcome, and which would pull out a critical peg in the food chain, thereby forcing the ecosystems stability to become unbalanced and dysfunctional. So, the a steroid at the end of the cretaceous period was destructive and disastrous, but what factors made it so detrimental to dinosaurian life? Firstly, why is the asteroid the most widely accepted theory as the cause of the dinosaur extinction? What evidence do we have that makes it convincing? The first piece of evidence that points towards an asteroid impact is the fossils of single-celled marine animals. Their fossil accumulation is fairly large, and their extinction appeared to be incredibly abrupt (Alvarez and Asaro,1990). This revelation is also evident in medium sized animals, as their extinctions also appear to be unusually abrupt (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990). This abruptness suggests a sudden catastrophic event to be the cause of the extinction, rather than a gradual decline. Coupled with this, through study of strata by Jan Smith and Isabella Premoli, we see that the extinction could have been as short as 50-1000 years (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990).ÂÂ   But why is the cause of this rapid change an asteroid? The answer is in iridium. Iridium is an element that is quite rare in the earths crust, however it is quite ab undant in primitive stony meteorites. And upon studying the data from the time frame of the extinction, there appears to be drastically more iridium than in other time periods (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990). About 95 sites throughout the world have confirmed remarkably high levels of iridium in the limestone sediments from that period (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990). These elevated levels of iridium provide clear evidence for an extraterrestrial impact. The minerals apparent in this time frame are also indicative of an asteroid. Mineral spherules were found chemically altered in the KT boundary clay. These spherules started as basaltic rock (Alvarez, 1990). Now, an asteroid with this level of lethal power would most certainly leave its mark on the Earth. It is believed that this mark is the Chicxulub Crater in Mexico, a massive 180 km crater (Hildebrand, 1992). Knowing the magnitude of this mark will then help us determine what the effects were, and, ultimately, what were some of the most detr imental towards dinosaurian life. Before we assess the factors, however, we must first confirm that dinosaurian life was not gradually declining, or in the process of extinction, before this abrupt impact. For, if dinosaurian life was already in the downswing, then the asteroid impact may be regarded as less important, less detrimental, and no longer synonymous with the extinction of dinosaurs. While some studies seem to suggest that dinosaurian life was in a decline during the late Cretaceous period, one study in particular seems to suggest otherwise. The article, Dinosaur Morphological Diversity and the end-Cretaceous extinction explains how, in most clades, the disparity remained relatively consistent during the late Cretaceous (Brusatte, Butler, Preto-Marquez, Norell, 2012). It demonstrates how the carnivorous theropod, and small-medium sized, herbivorous dinosaur disparity was consistent throughout the period, showing no major changes in diversity (Brusatte et al. 2012). Also, the large sauropod dinosaurs withou t advanced chewing capabilities may have even seen an increase in disparity, while the ones with the advanced chewing abilities were showing a decrease (Brusatte et al. 2012). This suggests more of an evolutionary change rather than a trend towards extinction. The studies from the Hell Creek Formation that seemed to represent a decline in dinosaurian diversity before the end of the Cretaceous, may, then be perceived as a unique, local anomaly, rather than a representation of global diversity (Brusatte et al. 2012). For, it appeared that the diversity of species could differ based on geographical location, and one data set would not be an accurate representation of the period as a whole (Brusatte et al. 2012). Thus, the study confirms that the variability in dinosaurian morphology was, both clade and region specific (Brusatte et al. 2012), further exemplifying that the decline was not apparent throughout the globe. This information allows us to then make the assumption that dinosaurs were still, in fact, thriving at the time of the asteroid impact. Making the consequences that followed an unwarranted and unfair ending to a fascinating era in history. First consider the direct effects of the asteroid impact. The most immediate impacts of the asteroid would be devastating to the dinosaurs who found themselves unlucky enough to be near where it landed. An asteroid that was, theoretically, 10 km long, due to the kinetic energy, would create an explosion 10,000 times that of the entire worlds supply of nuclear power (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990). The impact alone had the ability to create winds as fast as 1000 km/h near where the asteroid hit (Kring, 2007). This high wind speed would have the ability to create local fires, and wipe out vegetation and animal life in the area (Kring, 2007). These local fires had the energy to spread, likely, from 1500 km-4000 km from where the impact occurred (Kring, 2007). The mushroom cloud of this explosion would be approximately 10 kilometres high, have a temperature of up to 10 000 degrees Celsius, and would wipe out anything within sight of the fireball (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990) (Kring, 2007). It is a lso estimated that the dust in the air would be so dense that one would be unable to see their hand for several months after the explosion (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990). This dust would cause major respiratory problems for any dinosaur near the explosion, and would likely render them unable to breathe. However, the only problem wasnt airborne, it was in water as well. Another detrimental effect created by the initial impact of the asteroid was tsunamis. Tsunamis enveloped the entire coastline of the Gulf of Mexico, reaching North America in the process (Matsui et al., 2002). The tsunamis were truly massive, extending to a height of 200 m and stretching along 300 km of coastline (Matsui et al., 2002). The tsunamis would first collapse onto the coast, a distance of 150 m inland, before receding powerfully back to the water (Matsui et al., 2002). These tsunamis would be catastrophic to coastal vegetation and dinosaurian life; however, the damage would have had more of a regional effect rather than a global one. The tsunamis were also present for little more than a day, making it not a recurring, long-term issue, but a short-term effect (Kring, 2007). While most inland dinosaurs were likely spared from these tsunamis, they did not, however, find themselves in the clear. Plant life, the vegetation that allows animals to breathe, thrives on the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis, in turn, relies on sunlight. The significant levels of dust in the atmosphere would have spread rapidly throughout the planet, blocking out the sun, causing darkness and an impact winter (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990). This blocking of sunlight was predicted to have killed anywhere from 57-80% of North Americas vegetation (Archibald, 2012). This kind of catastrophic massacre of vegetation would have been undoubtedly impactful on the herbivorous dinosaurs (Archibald, 2012). Especially, one might assume, large sauropods that required substantial levels of nutrients and energy to survive. And, according to the food chain, a loss of herbivorous dinosaurs would prove costly to the carnivorous theropods that fed on them. The dust from the impact also created atmospheric cooling, however, just how cold it made Earth is still in question (Kring, 2007). This surface cooling, however , didnt last long, and was eventually replaced by extreme temperature increases. These extreme temperature increases, once the dust subsided, were a result of the ozone destruction in the atmosphere. Ozone destroying Cl and Br can be produced from the vaporized projectile, vaporized target lithologies, and biomass burning (Kring, 2007), showing that lethal changes in nitrogen chemistry, created by the asteroid, leaked into the atmosphere. Over five times more chlorine that is required to destroy our current ozone layer was dispersed throughout the stratosphere at this time (Kring, 2007). A greenhouse gas that we have become so acquainted with in todays society, was also working with the same diligence after the asteroid impact. Water and carbon dioxide were released after the impact of the asteroid, and once the dust settled, the impact winter shifted into global warming (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990). Carbon dioxide would have lasted longer than the dust from the impact, so its association in this sequence of natural disasters seems logically accurate (Kring, 2007). Based on evidence from carbon dioxide that was added to the atmosphere, it is projected that it would increase the global temperature anywhere from 1-7.5 degrees Celsius (Kring, 2007). Despite this evidence, it is unclear how large of an impact this global warming had on the dinosaurs, for the destruction of vegetation caused by the dust in the atmosphere appears to be the driving force behind the extinction (Archibald, 2012). But was the sunlight blocking mechanism of the dust the only damage inflicted by the aerosols? Dust had the capability to attack in a vertical, gravity driven onslaught on the helpless dinosaurs. Evidence shows that the impact of the asteroid can create nitric acid rain in the atmosphere (Kring, 2007). This acid rain would surely be devastating to any dinosaur that found itself under this caustic weather. It was even described as, an acid rain with a vengeance (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990), only reiterating the devastating effect the acid rain could have produced. Now, this acid rain may have not lasted long, for it is predicted that it only fell anywhere from a couple months to a few years (Kring, 2007). Nitric acid was not alone in its onslaught. It is believed it was coupled with sulfuric acid rain (Kring, 2007). The sulfuric acid rain emerged as nitric acids accomplice because the Chicxulub region was abundant in anhydrite (Kring, 2007). This deadly combination certainly sounds imposing, but much like the global warming, the magnitude of its impact on the non-avian dinosaur ex tinction is questionable. This is because acid rain is generally most effective against aquatic organisms, but aquatic organisms survived quite well through the K/T boundary (Archibald, 2012). Their survival serves to diminish the effectiveness of the acid rain. This is not to say that the acid rain was underwhelming, though, only that it was limited in its ability to cause a major extinction. One result of the impact that contributed to the dust was global wildfires. The severity, location, and longevity of these fires is, however, uncertain (Kring, 2007). The global abundance of soot suggests that the fires were almost everywhere. However, soot has the ability to travel through air, enabling it to settle in the ground where there wasnt a fire (Kring, 2007). Some model calculations also seem to suggest that the temperatures on the surface of the earth may have been hot enough to spark into a fire almost randomly (Kring, 2007). Our ability to predict the vastness of the global fires relies on our understanding of the mass of the ejecta, how easily the vegetation lights, and the rate in which it can spread (Kring, 2007). Depending on these factors, the wildfires may have been limited to more of a local fire, rather than a global one (Kring, 2007). The speculation surrounding the impact of global wildfires appears to be unpredictable and baseless, including the prediction of it destroying 25% of all biomass (Archibald, 2012). Overall, it seems the lack of evidence found in the minimal amounts of charcoal, and a limited fossil record, outweigh the theories of a devastating global wildfire (Archibald, 2012). These sources display that a wildfire was almost certainly local, but unlikely to be global. With all of these factors, now compiled, that followed the asteroids impact, can we come to a claim as to which was the most destructive? The dinosaurs extinction most certainly hinged on several factors, however, it appears that one in particular proved to be the most effective. The factor that most sufficiently damaged the survival of the thriving dinosaurians was, through the evidence above, the dust and aerosols that served to block out the sunlight. The loss of vegetation, sunlight, and heat directly drilled a fatal hole in the food chain. Losing vegetation, then herbivores, then carnivores, appeared to not only cause the ecosystem to dwindle, but caused it to be rid from non-avian dinosaurian life. The impact itself was an imposing warning, the dust was the main force of destruction, and the acid rain, global warming, wildfires, and loss of ozone were supplementary, inconclusive forces. Although this unimaginable series of events is approached with mostly scientific fascination and curiosity, and perhaps melancholy for the loss of dinosaurs, it could also be viewed as a notable and necessary precursor to the introduction of other lifeforms on Earth. For, without this dinosaur extinction, the tiny mammals that occupied the earth would be restricted in their evolution, ruled over, and unable to transition into vast abundance (Alvarez and Asaro, 1990). Highly intelligent humans stemmed from the survival of these mammals, and, in turn, stemmed from the impact of that fatal asteroid 65 million years ago. List of Works Cited Alvarez, W., Asaro, F. (1990). An extraterrestrial impact. Scientific American, 263(4), 78-84. Brusatte, S. L., Butler, R. J., Prieto-MÃ ¡rquez, A., Norell, M. A. (2012). Dinosaur morphological diversity and the end-Cretaceous extinction. Nature Communications, 3, 804. Silver, L. T., Schultz, P. H. (Eds.). (1983). Geological implications of impacts of large asteroids and comets on the Earth (Vol. 190). Geological Society of America. Archibald, J. D. (2012). Dinosaur extinction: Past and present perceptions. The Complete Dinosaur, 1027-1038. Kring, D. A. (2007). The Chicxulub impact event and its environmental consequences at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 255(1), 4-21. Matsui, T., Imamura, F., Tajika, E., Nakano, Y., Fujisawa, Y. (2002). Generation and propagation of a tsunami from the Cretaceous-Tertiary impact event. SPECIAL PAPERS-GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, 69-78.

The Exchange of Information Essay -- Internet Communication Technology

The Exchange of Information The Internet is a telecommunications superhighway, a collective data of information for corporations, government institutions, private individuals, and universities. This branch of roads leads into nearly every corner of the globe. The superhighway, picks up potential travelers from far away places, exotic destinations, and interesting people. The internet can transport you from one major destination to another quickly, then it also can detour you into a leisurely exploration. Like a superhighway, the internet carries holiday and family traffic. Also traveling are both people who know precisely where they are going and those who are wandering. Government, educational, and business institution are also frequent travelers of the internet. In brief, the internet is an open road for anyone interested in a journey or for users who need a quick shortcut across the country. Information and communication are the main resource pools for the internet. The internet provides information, the raw data for which we need knowledge to decode or understand. Looking at the internet as a source of information leads us to ask if this information is a commodity. According to Webster's Dictionary, a commodity is an article of trade or commerce which holds a value and use, especially a product distinguished from a service, like the internet. The internet provides wide variety of information to enhance our knowledge. This information matches this description of commodity because of the benefits being exchanged through this modern technology. Therefore, the internet represents the commodification of information through the commercial, private, and government sector of our economy. To fully understand the significan... ... and government sectors, in some way or another. Individuals can profit through this trade of information on the internet, too, by increasing their knowledge and offering personal benefits. Information is a commercial product is as tradable as the precious metals(GOLD). Works Cited 1.) Canter, Laurence, and Martha Siegel. How to Make a Fortune on the Information Superhighway. New York: Harper Collins Publishers,1994 2.) Cook,William. The Joy of Computer Communication. Chicago: Dell Publishing Co., Inc.. 1984 3.) Gilster, Paul. The Internet Navigator. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1993 4.) Mandel, Michael. "The Digital Juggernaut." Business Week June. 1994: 22+. 5.) Moore, Dinty. The Emperor's Virtual Clothes. N.C.: Algonquin Books of Chapel of Hill, 1995 6.) Verity, John. "The Information Revolution." Business Week June. 1994: 10+.

Greek mythology :: essays research papers

The Mycenaeans of the ancient Greeks explained the origin of the universe using Greek gods. The gods were the makers of the universe and watched over mortals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Greeks explained that in the beginning there was emptiness, and the emptiness was called Chaos. From Chaos came the first three immortals: Gaea, who was the earth mother; Tartarus, who ruled the Underworld; and Eros who was the god of love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gaea gave birth to Uranus without a partner. Gaea then married her son and she bore him three children called the Hundred-handed giants. The Hundred-handed giants each had fifty heads and one hundred incredibly strong arms. These would be the most frightening creatures that Gaea had. Uranus was afraid of their potential power so he confined them to the Underworld. The Hundred-handed giants became mad with their father and hated them with all their might.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Next Gaea had three Cyclopes. Each Cyclopes had one wheel shaped eye in the middle of their forehead. The Cyclopes were very strong and very skillful. Therefore they became the first immortal craftsmen. Again, Uranus became jealous of their skill and potential power, so he bound them with the strongest chains and threw them into their mother. After nine days and nights, they reached the Underworld. They were condemned there along with their brothers, the Hundred-handed giants. They, in turn, also grew to hate their father.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gaea then bore the first generation of immortal gods. Later, Uranus named them Titans (â€Å"Stretchers†). He named them stretchers because they had stretched their power and had overthrown his rule. Twelve of the thirteen Titans either controlled the major functions of the universe or had children that did.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cronus was one of Gaea’s children, a Titan. He killed his father for condemning his children. Before Uranus died he prophesied that â€Å" You murder me know, and steal my throne-but one of your own sons will dethrone you, for crime begets crime.† Cronus was very careful from then on.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cronus’s wife, Rhea, goddess of earth, bore cronus children and one by one he swallowed each and every one of them. First, three daughters-Hestia, Demeter, and Hera; then two sons-Hades and Poseidon. Rhea was very furious with Cronus. She was determined to make sure that Cronus didn’t eat their next child which she was sure was going to be a son. When the time came, she snuck off down the slope of Olympus to a dark place to have her baby.

The Complex Alceste of Molieres Misanthrope Essay -- Moliere Misanthr

The Complex Alceste of The Misanthrope "I cannot improve on it, and assuredly never shall," said Molià ¨re of his satire The Misanthrope, {1} and the critic Nicholas Boileau-Desprà ©aux concurred by accounting it one of Molià ¨re's best plays.{2} But the French public did not like it much, preferring the dramatist's more farcical The Doctor in Spite of Himself--a play that, according to tradition, was written two months after The Misanthrope's premiere to make up for the latter's lack of success.{3} In fact, The Misanthrope horrified Rousseau, who thought that its aim was, in Donald Frame's words, "to make virtue ridiculous by pandering to the shallow and vicious tastes of the man of the world."{4} Both he and Goethe after him regarded Alceste, the protagonist, as a tragic figure rather than a comic one.{5} It is evident from such a diversity of sentiments that the work before us is complex enough to provoke a variety of reactions. On the one hand, Molià ¨re made The Misanthrope a comedy, not a tragedy. Alceste, despite his bold railings against the hypocrisy of society, often finds it impossible to set a heroic example in front of his all-too-"civilized" circle. He is no lone upholder of a noble creed forced to martyrdom for his beliefs; in fact, his announcement, at the end of the play, of the martyrdom he is imposing upon himself--exile to "some solitary place on earth/Where one is free to be a man of worth"{6}--makes him look less heroic than ridiculous. And yet, if we do not place our sympathies with Alceste, we search this play in vain for another character worthy of them. The silly marquises do not command much respect. Arsinoà © is conniving, spiteful, and a critic of everyone else's morals. Oronte is not only as vain a... ...f which is given in Brown and Kimmey, pp. 121-72), this is marked as V.viii, ll. 21-2. {7} Cf. John Dover Wilson, "Introduction," in William Shakespeare, Hamlet, ed. Wilson (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1936), p. xlviii. {8} II.v, ll. 711-30 (ll. 153-72 in Wilbur). {9} I.i, line 118 (so also Wilbur). {10} Frame, "Introduction to The Misanthrope," op. cit., p. 21. {11} Richard Wilbur, "Introduction to The Misanthrope," in Brown & Kimmey, p. 360. {12} Ibid., p. 361. {13} V.iv, line 1782 (V.viii, line 50 in Wilbur). {14} I do not include Arsinoà © in this, since in a sense she receives some sort of punishment when in the last scene (V.iv [V.vi in Wilbur]) she is put to shame by Alceste's implication that he is fully aware of her true motives. Her discomfiture should be enough to satisfy a sense that poetic justice has been served in her case.

My Writing Process Essay

The writing process is a step by step process that requires different stages of development in order to construct an essay or paper. Every writer has a different and unique writing process. Personally, I believe that there is no single approach to producing an essay, rather multiple ways in which a writer may arrive at the final product. My writing process breaks down into four main steps; pre-writing, writing, revising/editing and then rewriting. Throughout my years of writing in high school I have never considered myself to be a strong writer. The writing process can be very frustrating for me, because even after I have done my brainstorming and organizing, once I begin writing I will instantly start crossing out what I wrote and changing my sentences. This sometimes can make the writing process seem long and tedious, and is often very frustrating, however, by exploring and practicing the different steps of the writing process that work best for me I will able to produce well written essays that clearly communicate my intended message to my reader. In this essay I will examine my writing process, in hopes of becoming a more skilled writer and communicator, and will further develop my ability to create thoughtful and well-constructed essays. Because I believe that writing is a skill that is utilized throughout a person’s life, it is essential to know how to prepare, organize and edit as it is useful in a myriad of situations. When beginning to write an essay, I know preparation is essential. My initial task is picking a topic, unless it is given. After determining a topic, I then generate a thesis statement, which should not only support the topic but prepare the reader for the contents of the essay. I then begin my next step which is usually brainstorming and doing research to expand my knowledge on the subject given, or chosen topic. When I brainstorm, I get a piece of paper and pen to write down any ideas that come to mind. I then develop the jumbled mass of thoughts into a list of more complete ideas and points that I wish to address. The last part of the pre-writing stage for me is to outline. Outlining helps me to structure the paper and determine how I want all of my information to lay out. My outline will show where and what main points I want to include in each of my paragraphs. I am now ready to begin creating my rough draft; this is the most difficult process for me, as I have always experienced difficulty simply beginning to write the essay. I make organization my ultimate goal during this step, because once my ideas, focuses and points are organized, I am able to freely write. I make sure I have all of my pre-writes at hand, as they are my guide for writing my rough draft. I think that creating the rough draft is the most essential step when producing an essay, as it contains the outline of the topic being explored and it gives way to the thinking process. I will write as much information as I can without correcting anything. When I have all the information I want written down, I then check what I have and start to add necessary information, and erase information that isn’t consistent or accurate regarding my thesis. Another important aspect of writing an essay is the conclusion, just as every essay has a clear beginning, it should also have a clear ending. The conclusion should make the essay sound finished. The more time that I put into giving my rough draft a strong foundation, the easier it will be for me to add my finishing touches to the final essay. Revising and editing my essays are the most crucial step and I spend most of my time during this process, I never think what I have written can’t be improved. I tend to go over and over my words and change them as many times as is needed. I have been told that to â€Å"revise† is to look again at what is written and see how it can be improved. Usually, I will start to revise as soon as I begin my rough draft. I do this because I find myself constantly rearranging my words and sentences as I work out my ideas. I have also been taught that the best time to revise is a day or two after having written the rough draft so there is distance from the work and it is easier to spot errors, and make changes. One thing I have learned that the revision step involves much more than just correcting errors in my grammar, spelling and punctuation. The last thing I make sure I do while revising is to read my work aloud so I am able to hear if something needs to be changed in my writing that I am unable to see. Once I have finished revising, I turn my attention to editing and proofreading my essay. I examine my sentences to make sure they are clear, concise and free of mistakes. I double check for run on sentences and wordy sentences which are a weakness in my writing. I will also check each word in my essay and make sure they are appropriate with what I’m trying to say, check for spelling errors and making sure my punctuation is correct. A lesson I have learned from writing is everybody makes mistakes, and the worst mistake is forgetting to proofread. After I have completed the revising and editing process, I have my final draft ready. I ensure that it is in the correct MLA format and any citations are correct. I always take the time to read over my paper one or two more times before turning in my final copy. It could mean the difference of a letter grade! Now that I have examined my writing process I am able to pin point the things I need to work on in order it improve my writing skills. I can see the importance of the writing process and the step by step process I will continue to follow and critique in order to make myself a great writer. The four stages of my writing process are framework for me to improve, write well and hopefully make it easier. Writing is the primary basis, upon which my work and learning are judged, it expresses who I am as a person and makes my thinking visible.

Empathy as a Communication Technique Essay

The word empathy is a noun and means: Having the ability to imagine oneself in another’s place and understand the other’s feelings, desires, ideas, and actions. The use of empathy was an important part of the psychological counseling technique developed by Carl R. Rogers. (Empathy) Carl Rogers was born January 8, 1902 in Oak Park, Illinois and lived until1987. Carl Rogers is best known for his contributions to therapy. Rogers felt that if a therapist was to be helpful that they must have three defining qualities: The first on should be Congruence, meaning, showing genuineness and honesty with the client. The second is having Empathy, meaning, having the ability to feel what the client feels and the third being Respect, meaning, acceptance, unconditional positive regard towards the client. Rogers says that these qualities are â€Å"necessary and sufficient: If the therapist shows these three qualities, the client will improve, even if no other special â€Å"techniques† are used. If the therapist does not show these three qualities, the client’s improvement will be minimal, no matter how many â€Å"techniques† are used. (Personality Theories). Another Psychologist was Theodor Lipps. Born 1851 in Wallhalben/Palatinate, Germany and died in Munich 1914. Theodor Lipps is known as the father of the first scientific theory of Einfuhlung (â€Å"feeling into,†) Lipps sees the unconscious process of Einfuhlung is a natural instinct. Today, empathy is described as an objective awareness of and insight into the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of another (including their meaning and significance). It has also been discussed in the context of emotional intelligence, which is defined as the awareness and management of emotions in self and others. (p89) By showing empathy you are identifying with the other persons emotions. To be able to empathize with others, you must be able to feel and own your own feelings. It is hard for a person to understand someone else’s feelings if they have never felt or dealt with that certain feeling. When a person has experience a wide range of feelings then they are the ones that have the deeps of understanding what others are experiencing. When a person cannot relate it is more than likely because they have not had the experience of what the other is talking about or going through. Experiencing a feeling is much different than just reading or hearing about the feeling. When you are alking to someone that shares what they are going through with you and you understand what they are talking about, this is a process of recall that comes to your mind and you relive your experience. You are able to use those emotions to guide you in your thoughts and actions with this person. Nature helps us to survive our own traumas and experience of life. If you are able to work through what has happened and you are aware of your own feelings when talking to someone else that is going through the same thing or close to it, then you are able to help that other person to survive and give them hope with what they are going through. Accepting a person where they are in life even if you do not agree with them shows that person that you value and support them as an individual no matter what they are going through or who they are. Many people believe that Empathy and Sympathy are the same but they are not. The difference between the two are â€Å"Sympathy is literally ‘feeling with’ – compassion for or commiseration with another person. Empathy, by contrast, is literally ‘feeling into’ – the ability to project one’s personality into another person and more fully understand that person (think of an â€Å"empath†). Sympathy derives from Latin and Greek words meaning ‘having a fellow feeling’. The term empathy originated in psychology (translation of a German term, c. 1903) and has now come to mean the ability to imagine or project oneself into another person’s position and experience all the sensations involved in that position. † (Answer) A person can learn empathy by CARE. C = Call attention to the insensitive, uncaring behavior. A = Ask, â€Å"How would you feel? † R = Recognize the consequences of the behavior E= Express and explain your disapproval of the insensitive behavior. When a person shows caring then the other person can believe and trust the person showing the empathy. As part of our lives, we find many different people who hold different viewpoints. To deal efficiently with those who have a different opinion to our own, empathy is an important communication technique to develop. Accepting another’s viewpoint, particularly one that is the opposite of yours, takes empathy and listening skills. Empathy is to understand another viewpoint so well, you could feel as if you are walking in their shoes, despite whether you agree with them or not. Although empathy is intangible, its effects can be astonishingly real. A person that is upset is that way because they might think that you have no idea how or what they are feeling or going through. Once you are able to gain their trust by letting them know that you do understand and explain to them how you know or why you know what they are going through then they become obliging and accommodating. When you understand the person’s position and not judging them for their feelings this goes a long way to keep the communication door open. On the other hand, some people can take your empathy for the unconditional support of their viewpoint. Even though you understand someone’s viewpoint, you don’t have to agree with it or like it. That remains your choice. There is a different between men and women when it comes to Empathy. Dr. Shock MD PhD article on Gender Differences in Empathy suggest that women may be more empathic than men, on average this is obviously true. The article states that females use different strategies for assessing emotions than that of men. The studies that have been done show that men use the left cognitive hemisphere in empathy and women the more emotional parts such as the mirror neurons in the right hemisphere. (Gender Differences in Empathy). There are different beliefs and values in different cultures. Much misunderstanding occurs in intercultural interactions because many are unaware of these differences. A person’s culture affects almost all of their communication behaviors. It is important for one to learn the differences of many cultures so that one is able to show empathy in the right way. If one does not know the others culture something you do or say may actually be hurtful, harmful or disrespectful. Once this happens you may lose the trust that had been there and you may never be able to show your full empathy for this other person. A person’s culture determines the way they process information and how to cope with what is going on in their lives. Concepts and objects fluctuate from culture to culture. Each culture and person sees the world they live in differently. Most of these different cultures are particularly concerned with accuracy and have different words for use, depending on whether they are being inclusive or exclusive. American culture is not as concerned with exactness and therefore we use the words we want to use and this can cause misunderstanding in more ways than not. Take for instance that if you are talking to a Native American Indian and you are looking straight into their eyes this is showing disrespect. In the Native American Indian culture if looking into the persons eyes that are talking to shows that you do not respect them. Using self-discloser when showing Empathy can be helpful and it can also be harmful. Self-disclosure is both the conscious and unconscious of revealing more about oneself to others. This may include, but is not limited to, thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, dreams as well as one’s likes, dislikes, and favorites. Typically, a self-disclosure happens when we initially meet someone and continues as we build and develop our relationships with people. As we get to know each other, we disclose information about ourselves. If one person is not willing to â€Å"self-disclose† then the other person may stop disclosing information about them as well. (Self-disclosure). The part of if one person is not willing to self-disclose how can the person you are talking to really trust that you know what they are going through. By opening up the other person is able to talk freely. For example, when talking to a person that has just lost their husband they are in shock. A fog is placed over them and they seem not to know what to do next, it just happens. When talking to this person and you has gone through this process, you are able to let this person know that what they are feeling is natural. Nature places a fog around them their protection. You explain that you also lost your husband a few years back and explain to them that it takes about a year to start lifting and in time things to start making since and you can go on in life. It takes a day and sometimes minute at a time to make it through. When you open up to the person that has just lost their husband then they feel that they are not alone and can make that next step. There are sometimes that this can back fire on you when you open up. The person could be so over come with grief that they do not hear what you are saying and get angry with you thinking that you are just saying that they will get over it in time. One must walk softly when self disclosing on any subject. Reference http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/rogers.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-disclosure

Contribute To Children And Young People Essay

1.1 Outline the health and safety policies and procedures of the work setting 1.2 Identify the lines of responsibility and reporting for health and safety in the work setting SUPERVISION OF PUPILS – The safety of pupils in the classrooms is the responsibility of the Class Teacher. Class Teachers are expected to exercise effective supervision of the pupils and to know the emergency procedures in respect of fire, bomb scare and first aid, and to carry them out; to give clear instructions and warning as often as is necessary. Children should never be left unsupervised. Suitable supervision will also be carried out when Children are leaving the school premises at the end of the day, during break times and Mid-day break. ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT All electrical equipment will receive a regular inspection by a suitably trained member of staff. STORAGE OF CLEANING MATERIALS Authorised chemicals and other cleaning materials must be kept under lock at all times FURNITURE Furniture that is not in good condition should be reported to the Headteacher and removed from use if considered unsafe. LIFTING AND MANUAL HANDLING Injuries can be caused by incorrect lifting and handling of objects, (which need not be large or heavy). Therefore any operation where lifting or handling is involved should be avoided where possible. WORKING AT HEIGHT All staff are asked not to carry out work at height unless it is agreed by their line manager that it is necessary. The site manager will keep a checklist of regular inspections of any steps, ladders and stepladders. No displays are to be higher than 3.5 m in the school hall. CONTRACTORS The Site Manager will liaise with and manage all contractors coming onto the site. All contractors RISK ASSESSMENT An annual risk assessment will be carried out by the Finance and Staffing Committee who will inform the Headteacher of their findings. All potential hazards should be reported to the Headteacher immediately. STRESS Stress is acknowledged by the school as a potential cause of staff illness and all efforts are made to reduce it. NEW AND EXPECTANT MOTHERS The school recognise the fact that new and expectant mothers (NEMs) are at an increased risk of a) injury to themselves and their unborn child b) injury to others who may be affected by their actions. To ensure the safety of the NEM a risk assessment will be carried out by a competent person and the implementation of controls to eliminate or reduce risk will be put in place. C.O.S.H.H. The Caretaker will maintain a C.O.S.H.H. record for the school. All hazardous substances are under lock in the caretaker’s cupboard. ASBESTOS The School’s asbestos survey is kept in the Admin Office and is available for inspection by contractors working on the site who are also required to sign a book confirming that they have seen the survey. ACCIDENTS TO STAFF AND PUPILS All accidents will be recorded in the appropriate accident book (see Reporting Procedures). Parents/Carers should be contacted by phone for any child who has suffered a bump to the head they will then either be sent home or will remain in school under close supervision. Should parents/carers be unavailable the child will be given an advice slip to take home with him/her at the end of the day. FIRST AID * First Aid will be administered but only as far as knowledge and skill permit. * All teaching and support staff have either undergone the required basic First Aid training or have agreed to participate in future training offered by the school. ILLNESS If a child is taken ill in school, the parent/carer will be informed as soon as possible and the child will be cared for in school until such time as the parent can arrange to take the child home. FIRE DRILL During any Fire Drill or evacuation due to the sounding of the Fire Alarms all staff must ensure that visually or hearing impaired children or adults are located immediately and led to safety. 1. The Headteacher, Assistant Head, School Secretary or Caretaker will set off the alarm, (in the case of a real fire person finding the fire would set off the nearest alarm). 2. Each class will evacuate the building as quickly and quietly as possible and children will assemble on playground. If during registration time teachers should take their class register with them, if it is outside registration time the School Secretary will bring the registers and signing-in book to the playground, pupils will then be checked off. 3. The Headteacher or Assistant Head will check with Class Teachers that all are accounted for. FIRE EXTINGUISHERS are located at the following points: – Sterile entrance area by Secretary’s Office door; water extinguisher (red) and Carbon Dioxide (red) – Staff room by Fire Exit; powder extinguisher (red) and fire Bomb Scare The person made aware of the scare will raise the alarm by setting off the nearest fire alarm and evacuation would occur in the same way as it would for a fire. Gas Leak In the event of a Gas Leak there must be a Verbal Evacuation starting with the nearest class in session. DO NOT TURN ON OR OFF ANY SWITCHES AND DO NOT OPERATE FIRE ALARM. Proceed as for a Bomb Scare. AREAS OF RESPONSIBILITY Headteacher: The Headteacher is responsible and accountable to the Governors for implementing this school policy and for all matters relating to health, safety and welfare within the establishment. In particular this will include: – being the focal point for day-to-day references on safety and giving advice or indicating sources of advice; – Co-ordinating the  implementation of safety procedures; – ensuring that regular health and safety inspections of the school are undertaken and that working practices are checked; – ensuring that adequate assessment of significant risks from hazards in educational activities is made and appropriate measures are in place for such safe practice; – reporting to the Chairman of Governors so that arrangements can be made to deal with premises management issues, e.g. repair and maintenance of buildings, selection and control of contractors and the development and implementation of emergency procedures; – maintaining contact with outside agencies able to offer expert advice; – ensuring that accidents and hazards are recorded, reported as appropriate and that remedial action is taken, when necessary; – reviewing, at least annually, the procedures and systems of work in place; – identifying and fulfilling training needs. In the event of the Headteacher and Assistant Head being off-site or unable to fulfil their responsibilities due to injury, the next most senior member of staff will assume these responsibilities. VISITS Visits out of school are organised by staff who are fully informed of any physical ailments of the children in their care. Pabulum Supply the catering facilities to the school and operate their own codes of Health and Safety, monitored by their client managers. SAFER RECRUITMENT / SAFEGUARDING CHILDREN The procedures for safer recruitment and safeguarding pupils will follow council guidelines. VISITORS TO THE SCHOOL All visitors to the school must report to the Office and sign the Visitors Log. When they leave they should sign out. ALCOHOL, DRUGS AND SMOKING The abuse of alcohol or drugs is a safety hazard and if there is any suspicion that a member of staff or visitor is under the influence of either, then this must be reported to the Head Teacher who will take the appropriate disciplinary action. Smoking within the school site is prohibited and signs are posted at entrances. VIOLENCE Violence and harassment in both physical and verbal forms will not be tolerated within the school, either between employees or between employees and non employees. EDUCATIONAL VISITS The school recognises that educational visits, away from the safety of the school site, expose school employees, pupils and non employee volunteers to potentially unknown risk. 1.3 Explain what a risk assessment is and how this is managed in the work setting A risk assessment is a document employees must create to evaluate the risks regarding health and safety and use it to help improve the protection in the workplace. Employers must identify hazards and assess the associated risk. When a risk assessment is required in my work setting. The person(s) in charge of the activity will create the document and then have it approved by the heard teacher and health and safety officer. The document Is then uploaded to the school network for other member of staff to modify if they require a similar risk assessment. However all risk assessments must be authorised but the head teacher and must also be re-assessed yearly. 2.1 Explain why a safe but challenging environment is important for children and young people It is important for children and young people to have a safe but challenging environment so they are able to develop their skills and not become afraid of trying new things. However safety is an essential so they are comfortable and have a positive experience. 2.2 Identify the difference between a risk and a hazard A hazard is an existing condition/situation that is likely to cause harm. For example, ice on the school site. A risk is a potential condition/situation that may occur and could become a hazard. For example if the cold temperatures continue there could be ice on the school site. 3.1 Identify non-medical incidents and emergencies that may occur in the work settings. Non-medical incidents and emergencies that may occur in my school are things such as flooding in classrooms or playgrounds, or electrical faults in the school, for example, internet not working, lighting down or heating not working. These are issues that require sorting quickly but do not require medical assistance. 3.2 Outline the actions to take in response to the following situations Fires During any Fire Drill or evacuation when the Fire Alarms sound, all staff must ensure that visually or hearing impaired children or adults are located immediately and led to safety. The person finding the fire would set off the nearest alarm. Each class will evacuate the building quickly and quietly. Children will Line up on the playground. The school Secretary will bring the registers and signing-in book to the playground, pupils will then be checked off. The Headteacher or Assistant Head will check with Class Teachers that all are accounted for. All class teachers should take evacuation key if needed and shut all internal doors after doing a final check. If in the hall all children and staff must evacuate by front entrance and continue to the playground the using path around the back of pre-school. Any staff members of pupils are in the staff room or PPA room they must evacuate via the fire exit and continue to playground. Staff members and pupils in the office and head teachers office must evacuate using the main fire door and head to the playground. Receptionist must take the key for the gate and leave by the front entrance and proceed to the playground. Pupils and staff in working in the ICT Room and Den must Take the evacuation key and leave by Fire exit continue across car park and follow the path around the back of pre-school The Secretary must Telephone Fire Brigade (unless in instant danger) and collect evacuation key, registers and signing-in book and proceed through main entrance to playground. Kitchen staff must leave via the fire exit and proceed to the playground. Security incidents All visitors to the school must register at the Office and sign the Visitors Log. When they leave they should sign out. They will be presented with a  visitors badge to wear and must keep it on until they leave the site. All visitors must be accompanied by a member of staff during their time on the school site. If I notice a person has come onto the site that is not authorised I should notify a senior member of staff and they will question why they are on the site. My school is very close to a wooded area is it very easy for people to accidently enter the site. The unauthorised person must always exit the way they entered. Emergency incidents If a child becomes unwell whilst at school and they require immediate medical care an ambulance would be called, followed by a call to the parent or guardian. If the child could move easily, for example an injured arm we would take them to a calm area. If the child cannot move the area will be cleared until the person has been moved by a medical team all members of staff involved in the situation must monitor the child, especially for shock. 4.1 Identify the signs and symptoms which may indicate that a child or young person is injured or unwell Children will normally tell you if they are feeling unwell, you can check for signs by feeling is they are hot or cold, they may be shivering or sweating. They may look pale, or if are complaining of a sore throat you may be able to see the tonsils or glands are enlarged. The obvious signs of injury are blood if a child has cut themselves, if a child has fallen but there is no blood there will often be a bruise or slight swelling, if a child is complaining of severe pain, there could be a chance of a sprain or breakage, the limb could be in an unusual position, and swelling. 4.2 Identify circumstances when children or young people may need urgent medical attention A child will need urgent medical attention is they are unconscious, have had a nock to the head and are suffering from concussion, if a child has been electrocuted, if they are having an allergic reaction. They will also require urgent medical attention if they have a breakage or severe fracture. In my setting I must also look for symptoms for meningitis  in children as they will require urgent medical attention. 4.3 Outline one role and responsibilities in the event of a child or young person requiring urgent medical attention If a child requires urgent medical attention I am able to take control of the situation as I am paediatric first aid trained.I would need assistance is an ambulance is required. I must carry out whatever actions required and after fill out an incident form. 5.1Describe the reporting procedures for accident, incidents, emergencies and illnesses All accidents, incidents and emergencies must be logged in the accident book unless treatment from a medical team is needed. In this case the incident would have to be recorded on a full accident form. 6.1 Outline procedures for infection control in own work setting The schools infection control is as follows – Children with rashes should be considered infectious and assessed by their doctor. A child diagnosed with chicken pox, measles, and shingles should be kept away until all vesicles have crusted over. Children diagnosed with Impetigo should be kept away from school until lesions are crusted and healed, or 48 hours after starting antibiotic treatment. Children suffering from Diarrhoea and/or vomiting should be kept out of school for 48 hours from last occurrence. 6.2 Describe personal protective clothing that is used to prevent spread of infection When performing any type of first aid, gloves and an apron must be worn to prevent spread of infection. If the child or young person requires CPR the first aider can use a mouth shield when giving the rescue breaths. 7.1 Identify the procedures of the work setting governing the receipt, storage and administration of medicines If a child requires a medicine whilst on the school premises they will be given a form to complete which allows members of staff at the school to administer the medicine. The information required is: Name of illness and medication required What time medicine should be administered and how often Dosage and method Side effects Self-administration or help required The form is then checked over by the secretary and information is passed on to the member of staff that will be administering the medicine. The form also states the medicine must be in the original container as dispensed by the pharmacy. 7.2 explain how the procedures of the work setting protect both children and young people and practitioners It is important to have policies and procedure set in place for administering medicines to ensure the medication they are taking is and the school have been given permission to administer it. If a child is given the wrong dosage they can become extremely ill or possibly have an anaphylactic shock. Have in a policy in place will ensure the person administering has the correct knowledge so that the child will be safe when taking the medication.

Discrmination, Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Health

Discrimination Diversity, Equality and Inclusion To understand what discrimination is, we first have to understand the meanings of diversity, equality and inclusion within our society and social health care. Diversity outlines difference and variety; we are all different we have characteristics that make us individual, these come from and include: race, religion, age, gender, beliefs, appearance, abilities, talents and sexual orientation. These characteristics give us our uniqueness in society, not only as individuals but also within groups and different cultures.Equality means treating people fairly, where everyone can participate and has an equal opportunity to fulfil their potential. To be able to understand what diversity and equality both mean, we have to first acknowledge our own prejudices, values and beliefs, and then we can positively accept difference in our society, and in the role of Social Care Workers. By accepting diversity and equality we support, value and respect se rvice users, thus providing a quality standard of care.Inclusion means including all individuals and groups, treating people fairly and with respect, giving choices, not tolerating discrimination, breaking down barriers and providing a supportive and nurturing quality standard care service. Discrimination can be indirect or direct; it means treating an individual or a group of people less fairly than others, giving a lower standard of service because of how we view them. We can discriminate without realising we are doing it. Indirect discrimination can occur when a condition or practice or requirement is provided through a service, e. . information leaflets only printed in English and not providing the information in other formats. We are indirectly discriminating against some of our service users who may have different levels of communication and need information in other forms, e. g. braille, large fonts, different languages or on audio. Direct discrimination can occur in differen t forms. Sometimes people do not realise that what they are saying or doing can be discriminative to others, e. g. stereotyping and generalisations.What is your initial thought when you see a person dressed in a hoodie, homeless person, a coloured person or an old person? If it is a negative thought or fear, the values and beliefs you hold could turn these into prejudices. You possibly formed an opinion based on an assumption rather than on fact. Values are taught to us usually in childhood and we carry these with us throughout our life. Values, beliefs and any prejudices can be changed, usually through knowledge and life’s experiences. By seeing things from a different perspective and keeping a positive attitude, we can all be open to change.There are other ways discrimination can happen in social care. Through communication: the words and expressions we use, derogatory language, belittling people, patronising, humiliating and disrespecting people. These are all discriminati ve. Telling jokes about particular groups of people, based on their race, age, religion, culture, gender, sexual orientation, ability or disability, is discrimination. We must think about not only what we say or do but also what our colleagues say and do. Stereotyping, generalisations and labelling do not define the people we care for.Calling someone little as in ‘ Little Mary’ because the lady is small in height, this does not define her as a human being. She happens to be small, but is ‘Mary’ first. When people who want to take part in society, employment, education, an exercise or activity, or a service, and are excluded or treated less fairly based on their age, race, ability or disability, gender, sexuality or other prejudice, this is discrimination. The effect of discrimination can lead to isolation, impacting on mental and physical health, stress, lack of confidence and low self esteem.The use of Inclusion and anti- discriminatory practice in social care can help us recognise, support, challenge and change any discrimination. We have to keep an open mind and not allow our own values or beliefs to interfere with how we support clients. Because it is not right for us, does not mean it is not right for someone else. Give people choices, ask them or their family. Read through their care plan which is about their life, likes, dislikes, interests and beliefs. This will help break down any barriers.Sometimes in social care we need to act on behalf of our clients, to help them understand, choose and exercise their right. This could be because of a number of factors. There might be emotional, physical or communication barriers that effectively stop people from accessing help, advice or from making decisions about their life. By doing this we are promoting independence and not dependence. Because we live and work in a diverse society, there are laws, regulations and guidance to help you understand discrimination and how to deal with it.Y our workplace will have policies about this that will include: * Equality Act 2010 (this act supersedes all previous acts and covers all aspects of discrimination) * HCPC (Health & Care Professions Council) formally GCSS code of practice You can ask your manager for further advice about: * Duty of care * Safeguarding * Effective communication * Standard of care Other organisations which can provide further help are: * Citizens Advice Bureau * Law Centre Be respectful, polite and courteous, value yourself and others this will help you deliver quality care.

Boiled Frog Phenomenon in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Boiled Frog Phenomenon in Business - Essay Example The veracity of this phenomenon is however, a suspect. Scripture (1897) informs that " a live frog can actually be boiled without a movement if the water is heated slowly enough; in one experiment the temperature was raised at a rate of 0.002C. per second, and the frog was found dead at the end of 2 hours without having moved." Many other scientists though debunk this concept (Gibbons, 2002). The "Boiled Frog" syndrome is often used in business, politics, environment, and other day-to-day activities. In strategic management, this refers to the inability of the companies to detect slow and gradual changes, which could be detrimental to its businesses. While most companies are adept at identifying sudden changes, gradual changes are difficult to detect. Polynice (2009) infers that "the frog metaphor for organizations is that we as a whole should try and identify the threats of our survival at an early stage when we still have time to plan rather than react to that particular threat; which will be too late. Furthermore, we must also learn how to reduce our threshold of change in order to be able to identify smaller changes that are occurring in our environment." This phenomenon can occur in all fields of business, viz., operations, external environment, business acquisition, logistics, etc.. InInstances analogous to "Boiled Frog" often occur in the business environment. In fact, the term was first used by Roger Ford (2002), columnist for Modern Railways magazine while describing privatization of British Rail. A business example of such a situation is the British Railways after privatization. The company Railtrack plc (Railtrack, 2009) took over the railway infrastructure from the government after privatization in April 1994. This new company owned the track, signalling, tunnels, bridges, level crossings and almost all the stations of in UK. It is believed that the company abused its near monopolistic position, and did not commit itself to necessary improvements in infrastructure and safety. Regulators were appointed, but Railtrack resisted regulatory pressures to improve its performance. The performance of the company deteriorated gradually, but there was no recognition of it within the company. Finally, a few crashes, particularly the Hatfield (Hatfield rail crash, 200 9) crash on October 17, 2000 exposed the deep-seated safety and maintenance problems of Railtrack. Though only four fatalities occurred in the crash, it exposed the lack of proper management practices and set into motion a chain of events, which finally led to the sell-off of Railtrack to government owned Network Rail in October 2002. While the root-cause-analysis revealed the root cause of the Hatfield accident to be "Rolling Contact Fatigue", there were several other contributory factors. This included divesting of much of the engineering knowledge of erstwhile British Rail into maintenance contractors. The record keeping of Railtrack was also not adequate. On investigation, several similar potential track problems were discovered. At the

Individual Case Study - Managing under uncertainty

Individual - Managing under uncertainty - Case Study Example Another major difference identified is the way by which the companies want to cater to their target segment. Boeing emphasized on the use of point-to-point system whereas Airbus authorities judged hub-and-spoke system to be more effective for the company and deemed it as the future of the airline industry. 1.0 INTRODUCTION This report attempts to investigate the decision making agenda of the two multinational Aerospace and Defence Corporations namely Airbus and Boeing Airlines Company. The case made it evident that the aerospace industry has been witnessing colossal growths since the last few decades as a result of that rivalry among the established players of the industry also reached an intense state. Despite that, the concern of both the companies was associated with the ways by which they can satisfy the rapidly growing market of aerospace. It has been observed that till the late 1990s, the size of aircrafts grew at an even rate, but since then trend begun to shift drastically an d companies started to manufacture both smaller and jumbo aircrafts (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2009; Ward and Tripp, 2013). The motive of the companies operating in the aircraft industry also shifted from enhancing market share to increase the profit. The companies are now apprehensive over the decision pertaining to the way they can capitalize on the opportunities provided by the industry and market. There were clear indications of the differences between the two companies pertaining to the area of concern. According to the authorities of Airbus, the hub-and-spoke system is the future of the airline industry and is probably the most viable option for successfully catering to the needs of the customers. On the contrary, Boeing emphasized on the use of point-to-point system, which they consider to be the pragmatic approach to satisfy the multi dimensional needs of the consumers. Therefore, a great deal of divergence among the decision making parameter exists between the two establ ishments. This report will make use of the sociological perspective to discover the challenges faced by the companies and on the basis of that companies will be subsequently recommended about the line of attack they should undertake to confront the issues. 2. THE DECISION MAKING FRAMEWORK AT BOEING The history of Boeing goes back to the year 1916, when the company begun its operation in Seattle, Washington, U.S. The company was founded by William Boeing and it is currently headquartered at Chicago, Illinois, United States (Pasiuk, 2005). The company was initially incorporated under the name of Pacific Aero products Company, but within one year of operation the name was changed to Boeing Airplane Company. Due to the previous experience of working in timber industry and knowledge on wooden structure, the designing and manufacturing of airplanes was not at all a complicated task for him. Some of the products manufactured by the company include commercial airlines, military aircrafts, s pace systems, and computer systems. 2a. A sociological perspective The parameters on the basis of which the decisions are made have an insightful impact on the efficacy of the decision (Bryant, 2011; Gates, 1999). Scholars have even mentioned that a number of paradigm have profound impact on the decision

Is Howard Campbell Insane Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is Howard Campbell Insane - Essay Example I believe that Howard Campbell is not insane because, first of all, Howard Campbell lost his hope and became a death in society. Secondly, he always pretended to be someone else. So he could continue to live but knew what he was doing. He was not only a hero in his life but also died like a hero. He saw life with different angles and faced various difficult situations. But he never lost his hope and came up victoriously from all those difficult situations. He lived in the dark and was fearful about all the things around him. This was basically the way for him to regain the aims and expectations of living life. He started to recognize the importance of life. The Second World War taught him how to view all the aspects of life. Howard Campbell lost his hope and became a death in society because he not only lost his wife, Helga, but also his writing talent. As Howard Campbell said, â€Å"That was how I lost her. She was entertaining troops in the Crimea, and the Russians took the Crimea back. My Helga was presumed dead† (Vonnegut 42). So Howard lost his hope and tried to run away from reality because his wife was everything to him. â€Å"And so, with my Helga presumed dead, I became a death worshiper, as content as any narrow –minded religious nut anywhere. Always alone, I drank toasts to her, said good morning to her, said good night to her, played music for her, and didn’t give any damn for one thing else† (Vonnegut 47). Howard became a discouraged person who was spending all his energy and life in order to stay alive. So he had a little efficiency for anything else. And that is why he lost his interest in everything and also lost his writing talent. â€Å"The part of me that wanted to tell the truth got turned into an expert liar! The lover in me got turned into a pornographer! The artist in me got turned into ugliness such as the world has rarely seen before† (Vonnegut 206). But after all

How can California become a more small business friendly state Essay

How can California become a more small business friendly state - Essay Example Whichever the reason, there is the need to enhance the attractiveness of California as a state, towards the small business enterprises. This paper therefore, examines the root causes of California’s low rank in small business friendliness, and the possible ways of enhancing the state’s attractiveness towards the small business enterprises. Fundamentally, the United States was once considered the hub of small businesses but this mantle appears to be shifting away due to the hostile environments of some states to small business people. Perhaps, this is due to lack of proper policies that would encourage many small businesses to thrive in certain states within the U.S. For instance, California has been on the business headlines for the wrong reasons, especially as far as attracting and retaining small businesses is concerned. In the year 2013, the small Business & Entrepreneurship Council (SBC) ranked all the fifty states in the U.S. according to their levels of business friendliness. The results of the survey were astonishing because, California persistently remained at the bottom despite concerted efforts to woo small entrepreneurs into the state. Definitely, it is important to fist examine the eligibility criteria for small businesses in the United States and how some states have enforced this policy to their advantage. Intrinsically, there are certain requirements that businesses seeking certification in the United States must meet. The first requirement is that all small businesses must be operated and owned independently without any interference whatsoever from the government or any other interest group. Of course, the fact that it is a small business only means that such an enterprise should not dominate over other enterprises in the build of interest. More specifically, any small business seeking certification in California must have its main offices situated in California. Of course, this is a requisite