Is Antigone A Tragic Play Essay example -- essays research papers

Is Antigone a tragic play as defined by Aristotle?Antigone is not a tragic play. Rather it is a theological debate spawned by Sophocles, a debate that is still raging today, the debate of who holds the higher law, the Gods or the State. While this debate has slowly twisted into Church versus State, which is a very different argument, the highest questions still remain the same Which one is held higher in mens (and womens) hearts? Antigone answers this question with shocking clarity in her admission of guilt to Creon, I should have praise and honor for what I havedone. All these men here would praise me, were their lips not frozen except with fear of you. Ah, the good fortune of kings, licensed to grade and do whatever they please C you alone are in that opinion. A No, they are with me, and they keep their tongues in leash. By saying thus, Antigone is proclaiming all everyone holds the laws of the Gods higher than the laws of the State, unless the State is the more immediate thre at. But this all raises another question, does the law of the Gods really case? Will the Gods truly beseech you and seek to bring you harm for not following in their ways? One who is not so religious would say no, it is not the Gods who hold the sword at your throat but a man, who at that moment cares nothing for the Gods. But in the case of Antigone, the Gods do make out out their revenge. Tireseas spake...

Plato :: essays research papers

Plato.Plato was the best known of all the great Greek philosophers. Platosoriginal name was Aristocles, hardly in his school days he was nicknamed Platon(meaning broad) because of his broad shoulders. Born in Athens circa B.C.427, Plato saught out political status. But during the Athenian democracy, he didnot activly embrace it. Plato devoted his life to Socrates, and became hisdisciple in B.C. 409. Plato was outraged when Socarates was executed by theAthenian democrats in B.C. 399. He later left Athens positive(p) democracywouldnt make it.Years after Plato romed the Greek cities in Africa and Italy absorbingphilosphical knowledge and then returning to Athens in B.C. 387. There he latercreated the first University on the ground of famous Greek Academus, which waslater called the Academy. He remained at the Academy for the remainder of hislife omitting 2 brief periods. He visited Syracuse and Greek Sicily to serve as atutor for the new king, Dionysis II. Which ended out very badly when the Kingacted like a king, or else of a philospher. Perhaps Platos worse student.He later returned to Athens and died in his early 80s, circa B.C. 347.Platos work is argueably the most popular and powerful of its kind everpublished. His most popular work are transcripts, or dialogues between the greatSocrates and himself. These dialogues are the basis of our general knowlegebetween Socrates views and Platos views.Plato was much like Socrates, in that he was mostly interested in moralphilosophy and overlooked science natural philosophy. He considered thenatural science as an inferior knowledge, not worthy of his time. Plato loved mathematics mainly because, back then, it idealizedabstractions and seperated from the material world. Plato thought mathematicswas the purest form of thoughts, and had nothing to do with normal life. Thatdoesnt nessacarily apply to the matters of today. Plato belived in mathematicsso much that he sketched a quote above the doorway of the Academy tha tstated, Let no unitary ignorant of mathematics enter here.Plato believed that mathematics, in ideal form, could be applied to theheavens. He expresses this in his dialogue of Timaeus, his scheme of theuniverse. In his dialogue Timaeus Plato creates a fictioinal rumor of Atlantis to put a

Race vs. Social Class Essay example -- Sociology Racism Prejudice Essa

Race vs. social ClassTHESIS Race differences in identity and social get were, and are, more burning(prenominal) than year differences in American society. Events in the nineteenth century made it abundantly and irrefutably clear that race as a concept sui generis superseded social class as the dominant mechanism of social division and stratification in North America. (Smedley 219) For m all decades people have been using race as a way to classify humans into different social categories. Lower, Middle, and Upper classes were created to divide humans into appropriate categories using their individual lifestyles, financial income, residence, and occupation. People decided to skip this classifying system and classify one another, simply by the color of their skin. Peoples skin color says nothing as to what a person does, their beliefs, attitudes, or any of the ideas for creating a fair social classification system. Racial barriers were created that divided people into different grou ps at work and at home. Race differences in identity and social position were, and are, more important than class differences in American society. The role of work, money, and the effect they have on individuals has changed throughout the past years due to social classes and racism. Social classes being based on by race is just the beginning of the differences. In the work force there are always people who sapidity the need to dominate in their field or profession solely because they think they are the dominant social class or race. People of any rank at the office will look down upon others, not because of their position, but skin color. People are not only treated differently at the work site based due to these issues, but also in some cases th... ...at a persons skin color to make their judgement on whether or not they want to take the time to talk and get to know the person. Then, they will classify that person, without knowing any background information on them. Is this fair ? It does not matter or not if it is fair, it is the way people work. As Takaki says, race is just a concept, an idea created, it should not be used to break in people. Works CitedBaer, Hans A. African Americans in the South issues of race, class and gender. Athens University of Georgia Press, 1992. Martin, Deutsch. Social Class, race, and psychological development. Winston Greenwood Press, 1968. Smedley, Audrey. Race in North America Origin and growth of a Worldview. Boulder Westview Press, 1999. Takaki, Ronald. A Different Mirror A History of Multicultural America. Boston Little, Brown and Company, 1993.

The Significance of Language in Richard Wright’s Black Boy :: Wright Black Boy Essays

The Significance of Language in Richard Wrights Black BoyRichard Wright had the privilege to experience America society, probably, at its worst. He saw how hu humanitys had the talent to treat other humans. His autobiography tells the tale, but it also gives life to words, to linguistic communication. Wright had a gift for writing and he uses many techniques to sum up that writing to life for example, the change of words between whites and blacks gives the reader insight as to how much respect each race held for each other, or the degree of imagery he uses to bring the book to life. Both of these techniques show how language-words set us apart in society.Back in the 1920s there were lines set before a black man that he was expected not to cross. Blacks were looked down upon in American society not just by whites, but by of all timeyone, including Jews. When a white individual spoke to a black person, that white person expected and demanded respect from that black person. And if the kind of respect that was sought after was given, then you might as well run and never come back. Richard saw this in his everyday life, it was normal, and he conveys it in his writing. For instance, when Richard is arguing with his star about his valedictorian speech the language that comes from Richard is full of anger and resentment however, though his tone sings one tune, his words sing a totally different one. The words that Richard spits out at his principal are filled with a certain respect that is not practiced or learned but built in. In any place that Richard ever worked or visited if and when he encountered a white man or woman he removed his hat and always answered with yes or no maam or yes or no sir. That kind of respect and speech had always been around and was assumed around. Richard knew that if you were black and in the white-world you didnt speak until spoken to and this can be give all through Black Boy.Imagery, Richard uses a plethora of it throughout his book. It is the collection of images that helps you see what Richard is trying to show the world. When Richard is arguing with his principal, you can picture it perfectly.... This tall unaired black boy standing in a small office arguing with this red faced fat white man who is sitting at a desk.

Argument Against Reality Television Essay -- Persuasive Essays, Argum

What pleasure do you get from watching a radical of people humiliate themselves in the name of idiot box? Media both in the UK and around the world picturem to have discovered that so-called reality shows be very profitable, resulting in a growing string of such shows in recent years. Although not all be successful, many do achieve solid popularity and cultural prominence. That does not mean, however, that they are good for society or that they should be aired. Can you honestly say, that after absorbing the reality rubbish, you have learned something? Educational, stimulating, witty, are all adjectives you would not associate with reality television. Reality T.V is a case of vegetating in front of the screen and glazing gormlessly at a group of half-hearted celebrities as they embroil themselves in a deep philosophical conversation. Not only does Reality Television reflect appallingly on our media culture, but it corrupts the mind of youngsters , giving them twist views on society. What person are you becoming if you are sitting there daydreaming about who is going to be evicted from Big Brother? Well, youre the one the need a snap back to reality One of the attractions of reality television is the supposed reality of it - unscripted and unplanned situations and reactions. One of the ethical problems of reality television is the fact that it isnt nearly as real as it pretends to be. At least in dramatic shows one can expect the audience to understand that what they see on the screen doesnt necessarily reflect the reality of the actors lives the same, however, cannot be said for heavily edited and con... ...tem from the increasing separation we experience from others around us. The more conflicting we are from each other as individuals, the more readily we can objectify each other and fail to experience sympathy and empathy when others around us suffer. The fact that we are witnessing events not in front of us but rather on television, where everything is has an unreal and fictional air about it, probably aid in this process as well. Im not saying that you should never watch reality TV programming, but the motivations behind being a viewer are ethically suspect. Instead of passively accepting whatever media companies try to feed you, it would be better to take some time to reflect on wherefore such programming is made and why you feel attracted to it. Perhaps you will find that your motivations themselves are not so attractive.

Argument Against Reality Television Essay -- Persuasive Essays, Argum

What pleasure do you get from watching a group of people humiliate themselves in the cause of television? Media both in the UK and around the world seem to have discovered that so-called human race shows are very profitable, resulting in a increase string of such shows in recent years. Although not all are successful, many do achieve significant popularity and cultural prominence. That does not mean, however, that they are trusty for society or that they should be aired. Can you honestly say, that after absorbing the public rubbish, you have learned something? Educational, stimulating, witty, are all adjectives you would not associate with unfeignedity television. Reality T.V is a case of vegetating in front of the screen and glazing gormlessly at a group of half-hearted celebrities as they involve themselves in a deep philosophic conversation. Not only does Reality Television excogitate appallingly on our media culture, but it corrupts the mind of youngsters, giving them twisted views on society. What person are you turn if you are sitting there daydreaming about who is going to be evicted from Big Brother? Well, youre the one the needs a snap back to reality One of the attractions of reality television is the supposed reality of it - unscripted and unplanned situations and reactions. One of the ethical problems of reality television is the fact that it isnt nearly as real as it pretends to be. At least in dramatic shows one can expect the audience to understand that what they see on the screen doesnt necessarily reflect the reality of the actors lives the same, however, cannot be said for heavily edited and con... ...tem from the increasing separation we experience from others around us. The more distant we are from each other as individuals, the more readily we can objectify each other and fail to experience sympathy and empathy when others around us suffer. The fact that we are witnessin g events not in front of us but rather on television, where everything is has an unreal and fictional air about it, probably aids in this process as well. Im not saying that you should never watch reality TV programming, but the motivations behind being a viewer are ethically suspect. Instead of passively judge whatever media companies try to feed you, it would be better to take some time to reflect on wherefore such programming is made and why you feel attracted to it. Perhaps you will find that your motivations themselves are not so attractive.

Week 1 Assignment

Working for a big company, there is ever something new to learn and new work that comes our way. There ar many different personalities. We were always training and scholarship new material and tools to use to make our work more effective and productive. We would have meetings that were hours long so everyone can train on the new work and tools we had coming our way. Most of the people were struggling to learn the new tools. I was taking a class in which we were learning astir(predicate) peoples different learning styles. I thought all the training we were doing would be a great project for the class I was taking.I brought it to my bosses attention that I hypothesize that people are not learning because everyone has a different learning style. She was convinced that people were just tired and busy thats why they could not understand the material. I wanted to test this theory. I suggested if we can give the employees on our team a learning test to see which way they break dance l eaned. The results were exactly what I thought they were. Everyone had different learning styles. It turns out that most of the people on our team wise(p) best Hands-On. Others were visual and the rest learned best by reading the material.This type of research method is best described as Correlation Research (positive correlation) because I was determining if two sets of variables are associated and if the variables increase or decrease. In this case when people used a learning method that fit best for them, they had better results for learning. When they were using a learning method that was not best for them, they were not learning the material. If I could have done anything different it would have been to test peoples personalities to determine if certain personalities learned a certain way. This would have gone more in depth as to why people learn the way they do.

How the arts relate Essay

The arts are inter-related because they rely and complement one another. It leave aloneing be absurd for any of the arts to stand alone. They are all inextricably linked- for example, tolerate anyone jump without unison? The simple answer to this is no. euphony gives armorial bearing to dance. In other words, medical specialty inspires the movement involved in dance. The dance stairs are in line with the rhythm of the music. Dance is performed in theater of operationss before live audiences or enter on film so that the people who are not stand for can view the work later. menage is a special face to face type of communication with a limited audience.However, when productions in the theatre are placed on film, the audience is broadened. family relationship between dance and music Dance involves a lot of body movement. Much of this body movement in dance involves the use of various part of the human body. These various body movements need to be properly done in order to have an effect on a theatrical audience. Highlights this depict when they deliver that, The dramatic effectiveness of a dance, however, invariably depends on myriad factors-movement dynamics of body parts and torso, movement in space, location on stage, direction of focus, use of weight, muscle tension, and so on (2).As a performance, dance is often creative and novel. When dance fulfils these attributes, it sparks interest in the minds of the audience. These audiences can either be at home or live. Live performances are often held in theatres while recordings on film extend the experience to people who were not show up at the time. Dance is often directed by choreographers, while music is written by composers. Over the years, the work of these two groups (choreographers and composers) has been studies in order to excavate the innate relationships between the two.In their analysis of choreographers and composers, Joseph B. Rovan, Robert Wechsler and Frieder Weiss find that, In t he past, traditional models of collaboration between composers and choreographers have subjugated either dance or music, or sidestepped the question altogether by removing all correlation between movement and sound. one that avoids this conflict entirely by making the work of choreographer and composer interdependent kinda than dependent fused instead of segregated (5). The fusion between dance and music which Joseph B.Rovan, Robert Wechsler and Frieder Weiss state above is also reiterated in computer animations. In the authoritative terra firma music and dance are complimentary. Thus in animations as well, these two forms of art stick together. It is absurd to hear of someone who dances amidst silence, instead of taking step and making body movements according to music playing in the background. Takaaki Shiratori, Atsushi Nakazawa and Katsushi Ikeuchi present an amazing analogy of the relationship between music and dance when they write that, The ability to dance to music is a natural born skill for a human.Everyone has experienced a desire to move their bodies while listening to a rhythmic song. Hip-hop dancers can simultaneously compose a dance motion to the musical sounds they are listening to. Considering this ability, we are led to believe that dance motion has strong connections with music, (1). Naturally, music moves people to dance. It is often difficult to ignore music especially when it is interesting. Over the years and across many cultures in the world dance steps have evolved according to various types of music.In many places dance schools are set up and certain pieces of music and dance steps have become very popular across the world. Relationship between theatre and film The similarities and differences between theatre and film have been a exit among scholars for a while. According to Susan Sontag, there was a need to ensure, the maintaining and clarifying of barriers between the arts (256). Toward this end Susan Sontag embarked on the tas k of unearthing the relationship between theatre and film.In a bid to accomplish this task, she raised questions which were meant to challenge, unbridgeable division, even opposition between the two arts (249). However, it is important to note that Susan Sontag was limited by the realities that were present when she under in any casek the study. A lot has changed since then. Agreed, theatre and film have a lot of similarities and differences but they often go together in many ways. For example, in marketing of artistic productions, theatre box office sales are an important source of revenue. Apart from this source, sales of recorded copies of the production too bring in a lot of money.This analogy raises the question whether there can be a struggle between theatres and film for audiences? In truth there can be a struggle especially when managers and producers do not manage the two effectively. Usually, in marketing, theatre and film complement each other. In theatre, the performanc e is live, thus there is an intimacy between the performance and the audience. However, in film, the performance is recorded, thus there is no direct connection with the audience. With film, producers are able to accept certain effects which may not be possible on a theatrical stage.While live performance in theatres has its advantages, recorded performances too are beneficial in various ways. In this way both theatre and film are complementary. The complementary nature of theatre and film is highlighted when Ralph Hammerthaler dialogue about the concept of the theatre movie. He writes that, If there is a trend in the theatre of the 1990s, then it is the trend to the theatre movie. According to him the concept of theatre film encourages the incorporation of various forms of art into film such as music films, filmed plays, etc.Apart from the fact that theatre is a recorded performance, it uses a lot of devices and techniques that are used in film production such as sound track, r hythm, fade overs, clips, etc. The relationship between dance, music film and theatre Music is inevitable in film and theatre because it is often used as sound track. Sound tracks have special substance in film and theatrical productions because they heighten the mood. Depending on the sound track used, the audience can feel a sense of shame, fear, pity or suspense. Furthermore, Simon Frith adds that music structures time in film productions.Music performs the same function in theatre as well. Dance on the other hand is often accompanied by music and performed on stage or recorded for a wider audience. Conclusion The arts are inextricably related- each plays an important part in order to yield a wholesome result. Due to this reason, none of the arts can stand alone. It will be absurd to dance without music and where will music and drama be performed if not in a theatre? Furthermore, what happens when other people besides the audiences in theatres are interested in masking a produ ction? They definitely join the larger body of audiences by viewing the production on film.

Ionic Bonds Essay

The occasional table is a masterpiece of organized chemical information. It is a table of the chemical atoms in which the elements are arranged by order of atomic return. The standard form of the table includes periods (horizontal rows in the periodic table) and groups (vertical rows in the periodic table). Atoms are the basic building blocks of ordinary matter. Atoms are made up of particles called protons, electrons, and neutrons. Protons carry a positive galvanising charge, electrons carry a negative electrical charge, and neutrons carry no electrical charge at all. The protons and neutrons come together in the central part of the atom, called the nucleus, and the electrons orbit the nucleus in the electron cloud. An element is a substance that is made entirely from integrity type of atom.For example, the element hydrogen is made from atoms containing a single proton and a single electron. If you change the number of protons an atom has, you change the type of element it is. T here are 117 different elements. According to the atomic model, electrons orbit the nucleus at specific levels, or shells. Electrons gormandise shells, starting from the innermost, going to the outermost. Electrons in the outermost shell, which are involved in alinementing, are known as valence electrons. When many types of atoms come into contact with one an new(prenominal), electrons can be transferred from one atom to another thus creating an ion. An ion is an atom that has lost or gained an electron. Ions form because neutral atoms become charged by the losing or gaining an electron. An anion is created when one atom gains electrons.On the contrary, a cation is created when an atom loses electrons. The octet recipe is a simple chemical rule that states that atoms tend to attract each other in such a way so that they each have eight electrons in their valence shells. The octet rule is applicable to the main-group elements, especially carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and the halogens (five non admixturelic elements found in group 17 of the periodic table), but also the metals in the first two columns of the periodic table.In simple terms, the octet rule says that atoms are more stable when their outer shell is filled, and therefore, atoms will lose, gain, or share electrons to completely fill their outer shells. An Ionic compound is a bond between a positively charge molecules (cations) with a negatively charged molecules (anions). Ionic compounds are formed between a metal and a non-metal. The metal loses the valence electrons to the non-metal thus forming ionic bonds due to the attraction between the cations and the anions.

Natural Law jurisprudence automatically lends

instinctive law has become quite diverse foci for theories c at one timerning tender conduct, non only placing diverse requirements on the theorist, but requirements which appear to be at cross purposes. Natural law can be kept for an important, but take problem the enunciation of some basic mankind goods or needs that any system of positive law should respect, promote, or in any field protect (William Blackstone, 1979).Theorizing c oncerning essential law and virtue, therefore, can be sharply famed for discernments. On the whole, for the reason of the demise of the older teleological view of nature that allowed theorists akin Aquinas to correlate the analogous meanings of law and nature around the matter of natural inclinations. These inclinations, on Aquinas view, are the soil for both virtues and the first principle of the natural law. The reason of law as well as the nurturing of the habits takes their bearing from a pre-given teleological order.Aquinas comes as near as he ever comes to a description of law in the claim that Law is nothing else than an ordinance of reason for the common good, made by him who has the care of the community, and promulgated (Thomas Aquinas, 1988). This general definition is followed by a peculiarity between the three kinds of laweternal, natural, and human. Now, it might seem that on its own Aquinass categorization as applied to the specific case of human law would produce an essentially positivistic view of human law.We can obviously understand God as having care of the ideal community, and as propagating ordinances of reason for the common good of that community.We can make spirit of the thought (even if we reject it) that Nature likewise works for the common good of only natural things, a standard teleological speculation of biology might assert something like that. But, it can be said, the obvious way to understand the description in the case of human law is in terms of a ruler, or whoever is designated as lawma ker by the rule of respect, promulgating laws in terms of the lawmakers discernment of the good of the community.As Aquinas said, Human laws should be proportionate to the common good (Thomas Aquinas, 1988, Q. 96 A. 1).Nature designates not simply the quiddities of things, the formal cause that which makes a thing what it is but more significantly the finality authorities completions. Right reason, on the conventional teleological view of natural law, cannot mean simply judgment agreed with natural quantifys, but judgment in dish out with what completes these values. As the older teleological theories allowed natural law analysis to play both rolesto expound the goods embedded in human actions as well as their completions-the modern denunciation of teleological thinking guarantees that a natural law principle of recta ratio should restrict itself to discourse concerning natural goods or values (Joel Feinberg, 1986).Natural law theory in its traditional form was entwined with the r ealist metaphysics of customary natural philosophy. It sought to give a kind of correspondence to the real that would explicate what makes moral sentences true. The idea seemed reasonable so long as natural philosophy conceived of the universe in a moralized, teleological fashion.But while the teleological humankind gave way to the distant and infinite universe of modern science, scientific and ethical realism leaned to break apart, and ethical theorists disposed toward realism had to work hard at finding something properly real and natural for moral sentences to correspond to. In this context, scientific realists frequently looked upon their ethical counterparts with distrust, and diverse forms of anti-realism were anticipated for ethics. The new plausibility of anti-realism in ethical theory resultant from the sense that the world, as presently understood, was capable to do something for scientific sentences that it was incapable to do for moral sentences that is, make them true. Several theorists unconquerable that something less cosmological, something having to do with human nature or realistic reason or collective inter subjectivity, would have to be substituted for the customary correspondence coincidence if the idea of moral righteousness was to be retained. Some of the resultant programmes, called themselves natural law theories, but they were scantily of the traditional kind. Ethical anti-realists including both scientific realists and empiricistsbegan parameter with one an different everyplace whether the idea of moral uprightness must be redefined or dropped altogether.There arose new forms of ethical pragmatism (such as intuitionism, utilitarianism, and value theory) to start the third side of the triangular debate. Meanwhile, traditional natural law theory became ever more nostalgic in tone and idealistic in performance. It was treated more and more frivolously by the anti-realist opposition as an exemplification of some moderately obvious fallacy and by its realist successors as an likable relic from a pre-scientific age.It is high time for moral philosophy to reorganize its relation to the philosophy of science. If Fine (an imminent philosopher)and others like him have appropriately diagnosed the debates over fact endemic to the latter, and the recognizable philosophical pictures of science deserve rejection, then those pictures can no longer give out as fixed points of sagaciousness and contrast for the analysis of moral discourse. Doubts of the form, But what could there be for moral sentences to correspond to? and What would it be to examine that mangle is wrong? lose an implication they once had.If philosophers of science follow Fines advice and stop asking the issue of what sort of relation to a special something makes a set sentence true, the old reasons for wondering what on earth (or in heaven) could make a moral sentence true will disintegrate. And in their absence, the normal language users disposition to say Its true that murder is wrong will seem entirely in orderwhich is to say, neither metaphysically tainted by philosophical pragmatism nor in require of being interpreted at something other than face value.The natural ontological perspective is to take science and its feature uses of true at face value, without the overlie of philosophical interpretation provided by something grander than evocative anthropology. This attitude promises to fall apart the triangular debate in which natural law theory participates and to reinstate moral discourse to respectability. The threat of ill contrasts with science disappearsand together with it the rationale for viewing natural law theory as a courtly knight defending the honor of morality against its extravagant modern detractors. Indeed, the line of demarcation between science and ethics begins to disappear.Thus the natural ontological attitude is fundamentally at odds with the temperament that looks for evident boundaries demarcating science from pseudoscience, or that is liable to award the title scientific like a blue ribbon on a prize goat (Arthur Fine, 1986). While Fines attitude is applied to ethics, it leans not only to restore ones confidence in moral truth but also to recuperate the thought that moral and scientific truth are inseparably entwined.Not as the teleological cosmos has been reconstituted. One reason is that when we try to abstain from big pictures and instead try to make sense of science in the grained way, it will become not viable to avoid evaluating the human purposes, virtues, communities, and social consequences that form in the stories of scientific endeavors.Another reason is that it once all over again becomes natural to divulge that moral truths depend (though not in the systemic and deductive way natural lawyers have at times claimed) on what the world and human beings are indeed like. If it were not true, for example, that members of our species have a inclination to bleed and exp erience pain when cut, definite acts that is fierce and ferocious would not be. If firing nuclear missiles caused no more damage than a large grenade, numerous sentences belonging to the ethics of war would change truth values. Counterfactuals like these conserve what is worth saving from the natural law principle of the ordo quem ratio non-facit (Russell Hittinger, 1889).Thus, we can say that natural law jurisprudence routinely lends itself to the teleological approach as it relies containably on institutional moral reasoning. Moral reasoning is concerning the evaluation and development of existing institutions requires that we recognize the goals the institutions are to serve. Institutions are human creations that must to serve human purposes, and they can be made more effectual in serving those purposes by changes that human beings can make (Martin Dixon & Robert McCorquodale, 1986).though institutions usually are not formed deliberately, once we assume to evaluate them morally we come to consider them as if they were relics designed to achieve certain goals. To the gradation that moral reasoning concerning institutions is guided by the goals the institutions in question are to provide, institutional reasoning may be called teleological. For instance, we appraise institutions of criminal justice in part by seeing how well they attain the goal of deterrence.But to say that a goal of the criminal justice system is anticipation is hardly informative unless we know what kind of behavior we are trying to deter. At least for generally liberal theories, the goal of protecting individual rights plays a primary(prenominal) role in determining what kind of behavior to try to deter. So underlining that institutional reasoning should be teleological in the sense of being touch with goals is not contrary with taking rights seriously.Natural law takes rights fatally is therefore teleological in the sense that it regards the protection of rights as placing restricti ons on efforts to exploit the exploit of even the most commendable goals (Martin Dixon , 1993).The natural law of an existing or proposed institution needs evaluating the rules that partly comprise the institution (DJ Harris, 1991). These rules set patterns of behavior to be followed by many individuals as they interrelate over time. To find out whether the institution is in fact supporting the achievement of its goals, it is therefore essential to consider both the collective effects of large numbers of people acting on a particular rule and the interactions of the cumulative effects of conformity with the other rules the institution includes.For this reason natural law needs attention to incentives. Certain combination of rules, each of which can seem appropriate when measured in isolation, may create incentives that prevent institutional goals. At a minimum, rules must not be self-defeating in this way. Rules that give incentives that are not only lucid with, but actually promo te, behavior that puts in to the attainment of institutional goals are preferable to those that do not, other things being one and the same.ReferencesArthur Fine, The Shaky Game Einstein, naive realism and the Quantum Theory ( Chicago University of Chicago Press, 1986)DJ Harris, Cases and Materials on International Law Fourth Edition, (London Sweet and Maxwell, 1991).Joel Feinberg, Harm to Self ( unseasoned York Oxford University Press, 1986), pp. 8794Martin Dixon & Robert McCorquodale, Cases and Materials on International Law (4th ed., Oxford New York Oxford University Press/Blackstone Press, 2003).Martin Dixon, Textbook on International Law, 2nd ed. (London Blackstone Press, 1993).Russell Hittinger, Varieties of Minimalist Natural Law, American Journal of Jurisprudence, 34 (1989).Sir William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (Chicago, Ill. University of Chicago Press, 1979).Thomas Aquinas, On Law, Morality and political relation (Indianapolis, 1988), Q. 90 A. 4.

Egocentric Ways of Thinking

An egoist tendency is the inclination to think solely of oneself without thought of others. Basic eithery, this means putting some or all aspects in your life at the moment over everything else. I hope that everyone has egocentric tendencies mainly in areas where we fail to think logically. Three ways that I am egocentric include egocentric hypocrisy, blindness and immediacy.Egocentric hypocrisy is the natural tendency to ignore glaring inconsistencies between what we profess to believe and he actual beliefs our behavior imply, or inconsistencies between the standards to which we hold ourselves and those to which we expect others to adhere. This applies to me in various ways. For example, I want all of my friends to be as holy as a Christian. Im not saying they collect to be saved solely I would like for them to practice religion.When hoi polloi ask me what religion I am part of I always say I am a Christian because I was raised by a Christian woman and in a Christian home. Hyp ocritically, I dont practice what I preach. I dont make with a lot of the things a Christian is opposed to live by, such as how we cant listen to certain kinds of music, how we cant have sex before marriage, smoke or drink, and do most things that teenagers would call fun. So in conclusion, I cant hold my friends to certain standards when I do not even live by them myself.Another egocentric tendency I possess is egocentric blindness, the natural tendency to not notice facts or evidence that contradict our favored beliefs or values. Meaning, I am ignorant to things that I dont already get along or havent seen with my own eyes. Since I am this way I always have my guard up and I feel like it is very knockout to trick me. I dont believe anything I havent seen with my own eyes. I have heard countless testimonies and miracles being through with(p) by the mercy of Christ but I have never actually experienced it.Therefore, I believe that faith is whatever it is believed to be. Yet peop le choose to argue religion epoch having no real evidence besides a man written bible. When people argue with me about religion I tend not to control it. When I do decide to, I try to get others to see that yes religion s acceptable and while I may not agree with religion I do understand why people believe. My mom once told me If God isnt real and you believe then when all is said and done you have absolutely nothing to lose.But say God is real and you do not believe, then you have absolutely everything to lose. Speaking for myself, it is a lot easier to believe in something you can see. Egocentric immediacy is the natural tendency to overgrazing immediate feelings and experiences-?so that when one event in our life is highly favorable or unfavorable, all of life seems favorable or unfavorable as well. Its like favoring a certain belief or feeling as long as things are going right but turning away from those beliefs or feelings when things arent in your favor.Last year on January 14th, I had been extremely ill and was admitted to the hospital with an ingrained infection. During my stay at the hospital, I received a phone call from my mother in Tampa, stating that my great grandfather had passed away. I immediately felt the need to give up on everything. The feeling I felt at that moment was superior to all persons, places, and things that came my way. The day after he passed away I began praying that he was pain free from cancer and living a great after life somewhere else.As I was standing in my kitchen one of the wine-coloured bottles, that Just so happened to be from Italy, cork popped off. That immediately put me at ease. I felt like my prayers had been answered. An egocentric tendency is the inclination to think only of oneself without thinking of others. While were all people in progress it is important to change the way we think. But naturally when thinking egocentrically, we fail to do so.

Distance Still Matterthe Hard Reality of Global Expansion Essay

CAGE Distance FrameworkDistance Still Matters analyses several factors that impact both success and failure in global expansion strategies. The challenges discussed argon dimensions of distance. The four dimensions of distance discussed are cultural, administrative, geographic and economic. Cultural distance is essentially the differences in communication, interaction, religion, race and social norms. Administrative or Political distance refers to the absence seizure of colonial ties, shared policy- devising association and institutional weaknesses. Examples of political barriers are tariffs, portion out quotas and restrictions on foreign investment. Political associations between countries, typically that exist in a colony/colonizer relationship facilitates international trade due to similarities in administrative dynamics. Geographic distance is created due to remoteness or the escape of access due to transportation, communication limitations or differences in size and climate. Economic distance is created by a discrepancy in resources such as financial, intellectual, homo and natural.Star TVStar TVs attempt to expand into the global media television market was given as an example of a failed endeavour due to the lack of focus on dimensions of distance between foreign markets. Star TV was founded in 1991 with a mission to deliver television scheduling to Asian audiences. Their motivation was that they perceived the Asian audience as being starved for diverse media choices. Star projected that English language programming would spiritual rebirth into the Asian culture, especially with the socio-economic elite (top 5%). The strategy to gain a competitive advantage over broadcaster was to use satellite technology to guide programming.Stars expansion attempt failed, recording losses of $141 million in 1999 and $500 million between 1996 and 1999. Without extensive Asian market query this initiative was unrealistic. An assumption was made that cultural dist ance did not exist between Asia and the United States. The Asian media market was not as interested in English speaking programming as Stars management projected. Additionally, Asian governments imposed barriers to politically driven programming which created even more political distance that initially existed. Star TVs mistake was the lack of market research and a go/no go decision making process. Too many assumption were made that the international media television market was immune to dimensions of distance such and cultural and political.RecommendationIdentify a savor market and run a pilot test with several typical English-speaking programming options.certified public accountant ApproachThe CPA approach or the earth Portfolio Analysis looks at how the actual and potential markets measuring per capita income and per capita industry consumption. The two indicators plotted on a grid creating bubbles that represent the size of each verdants market Tricon Restaurants Internationa l (TRI)Tricon spun off from Pepsico in 1997. The companys core business is managing fast food chains such as pizza pie Hut, Taco Bell and KFC both domestically and internationally in 27 countries. In 1998 the company began evaluating the possibility of consolidating operations within high performing markets. two thirds of TRIs revenues and even a higher proportion of profits came from 7 of the 27 markets. Based solely on market size, TRIs initially send off was to dispose of its investment in Mexico. Mexico fast food market ranked 16th of 20, with a total fast food consumption of $700 million. Using the CPA approach, TRI identified Mexico as a top 3 priority based on geographic distance from Dallas, TX (TRIs Headquaters), common land borders and favorable trade agreements with the United States. (Beamish, 2011)ReferencesBeamish W. Paul and Bartlett Christopher, Transnational Management Text, Cases, and Readings in Cross-Border Mangement, pg. 95-105

Comparing Making History and Death of a Salesman Essay

The tragic cuneus is a man of noble stature. He is not an ordinary man, solely a man with outstanding quality and importance about him. His own destruction is for a greater cause or principle. Aristotle How far is this statement true concerning Willy Loman and Hugh ONeill? Comp are and contrast how heroism is presented in Making History and Death of a Salesman. Willy Loman has no extensive amount of greatness as a character and socially he is a conservative citizen, he is a very proud man, this per intelligence-to-personity flaw tends to obstruct his view of reality. Within the Loman household Willy controls his family, in return they look up to him as the man of the household and a symbol of dependence as he is shown to be the prime bread-winner and he constructs a cloudy image to his sons that he is a well liked man in order to inspire them to pursue the American Dream.Hugh ONeill, on the other hand, is a much much re instantaneouslyned man within society and his role is great (dissimilar to Willys), due to the fact he has a vast amount of power as the Earle of Tyrone. He too has an image to present for his plans to ensue effectively. Willy Loman believes that the only people who achieve are the ones who make an appearance in the business world, the man who creates a personal interest, is the man who gets ahead. Something Willy said to Bernard, an inferior friend of Biffs who is far less attractive but more intelligent, ironically Bernard becomes more successful in further scens of the text. In addition, this illustrates how Willys ideals are becoming outdated and obsolete, as the society he is living in requires work to be efficient and the trend a person is perceived has no impact on working effectively.Willys incapability to overlook aesthetic qualities is one of many flaws he possesses as a character, due to the fact his thoughts have been narrowed by past ideals. Willy hasnt changed along with the format of the high demand-business world he inhabit s this contributes towards his depression and dissatisfaction with his son Biff, who has so much personal attractiveness. Although this segment of the play is a memory and seemingly light-hearted, the message is a lot deeper and symbolises how shrouded Willys views are, Bernard acting as a symbol of this. Arthur Miller uses several characters to act as symbols or messages, for example it could be argued that Ben, Willys older, more successful brother is a metaphor for the American Dream as he achieved what neither Willy nor any other Loman have managed. Ben talks of diamonds which are aesthetically attractive, and it could be argued that they are worth so much due to their appearance, this is very reflective of Willys own pride induced views of success.During Act 2, Scene 2 when Hugh shuts the book in fury is symbolic as it represents change within Hugh, in earlier sections of the play Hugh questions Lombards intentions when writing said book, and asks But youll tell the truth?, an d now in the second act he is infuriated by the book as Mabel is not a part of his history and Hugh disregards his usual behaviour to conform to instructions. His duty would be to remain true to Lombards plan, but his anger towards The History book demonstrates Hughs personal beliefs becoming a priority whereas beforehand(predicate) his identity was dependant on his duty.The theme of history reoccurs throughout Friels play, the title alone reinforces the idea that Lombard wants to make a history for the Irish to remember, but Hugh wants reality. It could be argued that Hughs identity becomes less fragmented as the play ensues. The book Aristotle said that A man doesnt become a hero until he can see the root of his own downfall. Similarly, Willy is aware of his flaws but fails to outwardly have to doing so, instead he takes a defensive advance and orders his memories in a way to create a reality which does not exist, for example, during Act 2, Scene 5 Willy learns of Bernards suc cess and naturally compares him to Biff, (as he ever so has) who is yet to achieve anywhere near as much as Bernard.When Bernard asks Willy about what happened to Biff, Willy answers If a boy lays down is that my fault? The reason for Willys raptorial behaviour in this scene is influenced by the fact he knows that he is the reason for Biffs loss of ambition. His flaw being brought to the surface, as Willy fails to admit that he is to blame although the audience is shown via facial expressions and changes in vocal tone or physicality e.g. a nervous twitch, to show Willys anxiety towards Bernard.

The Ethics Of Outsourcing At Mattel

In addition, this article allow address how corporate gloss played a role in the decision to offsource the manufacturing process to facilities, which were non fol first gearing legal standards. Keywords affaire, corporate ending, ethics, Fraud, crop condom. JELL Classification MIM. BRB / BRB / Introduction / Corporate culture is defined as the sh atomic number 18d values and / beliefs of individuals deep down an organization (Statistics / and Satanist, 2009). Corporate culture is an important / span schoolmate/acceptances to examine when researchers attempt to explain u sack uphical behavior at heart an organization.Previous research in the area has primarily focus on the positive aspects culture that is related to firm carrying out (Deal and Kennedy, 1982 Peters and Waterman, 1982 Dimension, 990). It is also important to considerer/ BRB / that the corporate culture brush aside sire disallow impact knob / a firestorms operations if the culture supports unethical and / illegal activities. This study examines how one company, field of study, developed a culture which allowed the unethical and illegal actions of its suppliers to negatively affect its operations. R / BRB / fixated only on the low price of production of the Chinese suppliers. By allowing the quality standards to drop to potentially dangerous take aims, theme manageress / foc drilld only on their own self-interests since their / pan classmate/spermatozoon was directly linked to the financial performance of Matter. Therefore, Matter managers ignored potential safety issues with the production of the trifles in China since lower levels of production orb / BRB / higher costs per unit would urinate a direct impact knob / their total level of income for the year.As a result, Tiber / does not matter whether the lack of quality controls / were deliberate or not. Since Amateurisms name goes knob / the net product, its managers were accountable forbs / the actions of their suppliers (H egiras and Sims, bribe / Shanghaiing and Vital, 1990 Granite, 2003). BRB / 1. The first recall of scams / In 2006, 75 percent of all toys manufactured ecumenical came from China. Within China, one province, Gudgeon, is the location of 5,000 of Chinawares 8,BRB / span classmate/Spartan manufacturing plants.It is estimated that 1. 5 million workers are busy in Gudgeon toys manufacture (McLeod, 2006). Matter makes approximately 65 percent of its toys there. The corporation states tabour / BRB / it demands that the toys that are outsourced to other / manufacturing businesss must comply with the safety standards / established by Matter. Raw materials that would beer / used by an outsourced manufacturer are first sent Toby / the Matter control facility in order to roam they matter / all safety standards.Matter has been manufacturing indispensable / China since the first Barbie was do there in 1 959. BRB / The corporation has developed a number of longer / standing relationships wit h China manufacturers,BRB / which may have hand to more relaxed monitoring and / control of its operations (Story, 2007). Furthermore,BRB / Matter was a study customer for these suppliers, so Tiber / should have absolute control over the manufacturing / recess as it relates to the level of quality and compliance with government regulations and standards.However, Amateurisms make pass level managers appeared to beer / BRB / On August 1, 2007, Matter had to recall almost 1. BRB / million toys that were made in China. over 80 toys / contained potentially dangerous levels of take on in thebe / key on the toys. A long prison term supplier of Matter had / span classmate/spanked non-approved key fruit pigment which violated Amateurisms and the toy industriously standards (Bugaboos, 2007). On August 2, 2007, Matter issued a press release in which it explained its course f action to refuse the problem.Matter worked with the U. S. Consumer Product guard duty Commission and other reg ulatory agencies around the world to pull the toys off the shelves and rub the distribution of any toy that contained the unacceptable levels of lead. Robert Cocker, Chairman and CEO verbalize that liquored beg off to everyone affected by this recall, especially those who bought the toys in questioningly realize that parents / BRB / trust us with what is most precious to atmospherically / children. And we also bring in that trust is earned. R / Our goal is to correct this problem, improve orb / yester and maintain the trust of the families tabor / have allowed us to be part of their lives by acting / responsibly and quickly to address their conquistadors / (Matter, 2007). BRB / Sarah D. Satanist, Peter A Satanist, 2010. BRB / This recall was despite the fact that Matter was rabbet / of the potential lead hazard at least(prenominal) a month earlier,BRB / BRB / Problems and Perspectives in Management, Volume 8, Issue 4, 201 For / BRB / when one of the European retailers that sold Matter / products in early July discovered lead in some of its / toys.On July 6, 2007 Matter stopped production inborn / he factory, which they believe was the origin of thebe / lead paint. Commenting on the supplier using thebe / lead paint, CEO Chart stated that this was a supplier which had worked for Matter for 1 5 years and lectureships question somebody that secure started do toys/ span classmate/sponsor slithered understand our regulations, they understand our program, and something went wrong. That Herodotus. It is a exigency established by Matter that those outsourced factories making Matter toys must use paint and other material from certified suppliers.As a result, Matter was not sure whether the manufacturer bustiest paint from break off / BRB / supplier who was not certified or whether the loss leader / paint came from a certified supplier. In 2007, BRB / percent of Amateurisms total revenues were based knob / the toys that were manufactured in their 11 factories in China which they owned and operated (Story, AAA). BRB/ 2. Why lead mountain lion / Lead is added to paint in order to increase thebe / span classmate/spanked in which the paint dries, to increase the durability of the paint and to invoke the ability of the paint to resist moisture which could cause corrosion (Wisped).Lead paint is also easier to apply on hard reface and can produce a richer / BRB / color than paint without lead. The net result is tabor / lead enhances how the paint is used in the production process, but the lead is not allowed to be added to the paints. Therefore, paint in which leader / has been added is sold ATA Custodianships price of ennobler / trine of the cost of paint that does not include leader / (Barbara, 2007). BRB / Matter had allowed the local suppliers to implement their own safety scrutiny which resulted in the shipping of tainted toys from the factories in China / to children around the world.The suppliers had / darted to use cheaper paint wh ich contained leader / to reduce manufacturing costs. The supplier tabor / made the toy Lee deer industrial Company was / investigated by the Chinese Government for its / role in the use of tainted paint. The supplier stated / that it was cheated by its own paint supplier, whoop / sold Lee cervid Industrial the paint which included / the lead. Lee Deer Industrial claimed that they were / not aware that the paint was bemire wither / span classmate/spangled (Zamias and Casey, 2007).The Chinese government banned Lee Deer Industrial from exporting any more toys until a full investigation was completed. The net result was that Lee Deer Industrial had to stop its operations, which led to the suicide declare / BRB / its founder Ghana Shogun. Amateurisms response in bar / press release to the suicide was that liquored were / BRB / troubled to hear about this tragic encephalitis is bar / individualised misfortune not a corporate event. Any losses / of life is a tragedy and we disembodie d spirit for the family during / this difficult timorous (Cody and Joe, 2007). BRB / 3.The second recall / On August 14, 2007, Matter issued a second major / recall of toys manufactured in China. The seconded / call include additional toys made with paint contaminated with lead as well as millions of other toys which have magnets which could become loose and / could be swallowed by children. An estimated / 436,000 toys were cosmos recalled due to lead painter / An additional 18. 2 million magnetic toys were being / recalled afterward report injuries and death of children / span classmate/Spanish had swallowed the magnets after they had become loose from the toy.Matter stated that the magnetic toy recall included 63 different varies of toys including such well known brand names as Pillory / Pocket, Batman, and Barbie. The lead paint recalled / toys included brand names such as the characters offer / benni Street, Dora the Explorer and Disingenuous Carobs / (Story and Barbara, 2007 ). The senior vice-president of worldwide quality assurance at Matter, Jim Walter, stated that Matter had ldquostrengthenedrdquo its / three-point control quality system to ensure that toys / with lead would not enter the marketplace.Thebe / three point system includes collateral that only certified suppliers of paint will be used to manufacture the toys, a mandatory testing of every batch of toys / produced, the tightening of quality controls including random inspections during the manufacturing process and the testing of every production tramp offer / completed toys (Barbara and Story, 2007). As was / the case with the first recall, a sub declarer was / used to supply the paint to Amateurisms contractor inborn / China.Hong Lie Dad supplied the paint to Early / Light Industrial which was not aware that the painter / had been contaminated with lead. Early Light had / been a contractor for Matter for 20 years. Matter / had used amongst 30 and 50 contractors in China / and umptee n subcontracted out part of the production / process to a subcontractor. Lee Deer, the contractor / of the original Matter recall lost its license to export and subsequently went out of business (Story and Barbara, 2007). Lee Deer had been a Matter / contractor for 15 years. R / Matter administrator vice-president for worldwide operations, doubting Thomas Deflowers, stated that Matter realized that there were continuing rising costs offer / production in China which was squeezing the profit / margins of the Chinese manufacturers. He stated / that Solution the remnant three to five years, yourselves seen / labor prices more than double, raw materials prices / bubble or transplanted think that thereabouts a lot offer / pressure on guys that are working at the margin Toby / afflict and save moneywort.However, Deflowers stated / that Matter does not take the blame for putting / downward pressure on the pricing of the toys despite the rising manufacturing costs. Quoin, absolutely endo thelial insist that they continue to use certified / paint from certified vendors, and we pay for that,BRB / and horsepower perfectly willing to pay for deathward (Story,BRB / 2007). It was during this time period that the Consumer Product Safety Commission (COPS) excused Matter of not following the mandated requirement / to notify the COPS within 24 hours after the company has made a decision to recall any products.Amateurisms CEO, Robert Cocker, admitted that Matter / did not follow the COPS requirement because thebe / should have the right to discuss the problems on BRB / their timetable because the 24 hour time limit sibs / unreasonable. The COPS had already fined Matter / twice since 2001 for knowingly withholding information regarding products that could create loquaciousness risk of serious injury or deathtraps (Casey and Passport, 2007). . The third recall / span classmate/Spanish following day, folk 4, 2007, Matter announced their third major recall.It was recalling approx imately 775,000 toys with lead paint which included a number of Barbie accessories. Amateurisms CEO, Robert Cocker, stated that Sequoia apologize again Toby / BRB / everyone affected and promise that we will continue Toby / focus on ensuring the safety and quality of our distributors / (Casey, 2007). In a letter to The New York Times,BRB / Cocker commented that liquors a father of four, I gold / intimately aware of the expectations of parents. Thebe / ant safe toys, and they want assurances that those / toys have been tested to make sure that lx safe. R / Currently lead paint is topmost on apparentness minds. Birr / want parents to be assured that we are taking action heliport toys are overwhelmingly safe. To date, our lead-related recalls of toys produced in the past BRB/ span classmate/ expansions represent less than half of 1 of our production. Iroquois rather the number was chroniclers was a young man maturement up in suburban Chicago, my father encouraged me to earn his trust through my actions rather than just talk about what I was going to do.Today, tell my children locoweeds, not wordbooks. And it sibs / BRB / on this principle that Matter will move forward. Weber / will earn back your trust with our deeds, entrust wither / our wordbooks (Cocker, 2007). BRB / On September 1 8, 2007 a subcommittee of thebe / United States Congress announced that some of thebe / toys Matter had recalled contained 180 times thebe / allowable levels of lead in the paint. Therefore, upper / to 1 1 percent Of the paint was lead or 110,000 move / per million.The federal law in the United States / allows only 0. 06 lead or 600 parts per million inborn / paint (Resoundingly, 2007). R / span classmate/spoon September 21, 2007, Amateurisms executive vicissitude for worldwide operations, Thomas Deflowers, apologized to China for harming the reputation of the toy manufacturers in China for the 17 million toys Matter recalled in 2007 not because of lead paint but because of flaw s in the design of some offer / BRB / their magnetic toys.Deflowers commented tabor / liquated does not hold Chinese manufacturers responsible for the design in relation to the recalled magnet destroyed (Story Bibb). By admitting to a design flaw,BRB / Matter could face numerous product liability campaigns / y biblically announcing a product defect.Debonairnesss apologia included taking full office for the problem with the magnetic toys liquated takes / span classmate/spoonful responsibility for these recalls and apologizes someoneally to you, the Chinese people, and all of our customers who received the dessertspoonfuls important for everyone to understand that the vast majority of those products that we recalled Were the result of a designer / BRB / flaw in Amateurisms design, not through a manufacturing / flaw in Chinese infrastructures (Casey, Zamias and / Passport, 2007).The Chinese product safety chief, Libra / Changing, reminded Matter that liquidation large part offer / your annual lucrativeness from your factories inborn / Chancellorship shows that our cooperation is in thebe / interests of Matter, and both parties should value orb / cooperation. I really hope that Matter can learn lessons and gain experience from these incidents and that Matter should improve their control masqueraders / (Olsen, 2007). BRB / 5.The consequences of the recall / In October 2007, shareholders filed a courting against / span classmate/supplemental for withholding timely announcements of recalled products. The drive alleged that top management at Matter produced misleading financial statements since they were PRI to potential recall notices and yet did not make them known biblically until / BRB / months later. The lawsuit claimed that this has been bar / general practice at Matter for years.In addition, thebe / lawsuit charged Matter with breaching its fiduciary / duties by not abiding by the consumer protection laws / including the 24 hour notice statue. In additio n, thebe / lawsuit claimed that executives at Matter were involved in insider trading by selling 33 million of Matter agate line before the announcement Of the recalls / came public (Tab, 2007). In October 2009, Matter / settled a consumer class action lawsuit for over BRB / million to pay to consumers, who had purchased thebe / toys containing the lead paint.The settlement willow / resolve 22 lawsuits that were filed against Matter and / its appurtenant Fisher Price and major retailers on behalf / of the millions of families who had bought Matter / products that had been recalled (Anderson, 2009). BRB / Therefore, it appears that the quality issue was deliberately avoided by many employees within Matter. This 181 BRB / BRB / supports the view of Miller and Thomas (2005),BRB / ho state that peer pressure of colleagues would / support and honor unethical behavior even if Tiber / is in violation of the individualism own personal / code of ethics.The net result of a corporate cultur e / that support unethical actions was that the employees, which developed, maintained and supported this type of culture would not be penalized for their / actions. The top level executives at Matter were / only indirectly Goddaughters for their actions since thebe / continued to set up blame to the suppliers. It was / only after extreme pressure from stakeholders suburb / s the United States government, the customers and / the media that Matter at last Idquoadmittedrdquo that thebe / would take some responsibility for the unsafe toys. R / Bass and Streamside (1999) propose that top leveler / executives can skirt the beliefs of their subordinates into believing their own altered state of reality. This could explain, in part, why it took sobs / long for Matter to react to the claims made by its / stakeholders. BRB / Conclusions / This case highlights a number of important concepts / related to unethical behavior within corporations. BRB / The actions by the top executives at Matt er supporter / span classmate/Spanish belief that unethical actions ferment the corporate culture of the firm.Through, the use of group norms at Matter, unethical behavior was not discouraged by top level managers and was actually / BRB / supported by the actions of the managers and their / lack of action with their suppliers. As Terrine,BRB / span classmate/sportsman and Brown (2000) state, top level executives must be both a moral person and a moral manager in order to develop an ethical leadership role within the firm.

Passion and Betrayal in “Roman Fever” Essay

papistical Fever is a very dynamic humbug, were things argonnt necessarily what they break through. The characters have deuce faces the ones they show individu aloney other and the ones homely to the reader through the narration. The setting, the title, and the dialogue all develop the plot. Hypocrisy and deceit argon endue throughout the whole story, and they greatly drive the plot. Wharton uses irony, an omniscient narrator, and symbolism to convey the theme of angerateness and how it can poison the mind, leading to destructive actions.The way the author chose to narrate the story is vital to how it is perceived. The story is in a third person omniscient point of view, which greatly develops the characterization of thanksgiving and Alida. different times throughout the story, one of the women says whatsoeverthing to the other and afterwardsward that narrator will reveal to the reader what she is genuinely thinking. This helps show the reader the hypocrisy and deception in their words. One example of this is when the women argon talking to the highest degree roman fever and its dangers. In the midst of this, the narrator tells us that Alida thinks she must make one much effort not to hate her (Wharton 115). This exposes to the reader directly for the first time that there ar some underlying issues and unfinished business between these characters that they argon avoiding.Another factor that contributes to the progress of the plot are the numerous symbols that Wharton chose to employ. One of the most noticeable of these is the setting. Rome is a city that almost always evokes images of passion and romance. Within this setting, the climate and time changes directly parallel the gradual changes in the womens relationship. This is especially evident when Alida first reveals that she wrote the letter that Grace had though she received from Delphin many years ago. After this information is brought to light, the devil women stand for a minute staring at each other in the last flourishing light (117). The last few moments of sun are representative of thelast moments of politeness between these deuce women. After the clear heaven overhead was emptied of all its gold (118), all of the womens torrid secrets start spilling out. Grace divulges that she answered to the letter, and that Delphin came to meet her that night. This revelation completely changes Alidas idea of her relationship with her late husband.The ruins that are described, the forum and the Colosseum, also mirror what happened between these two women. These structures, once representatives of Romes magnificence, are right away reduced to a great accumulated wreckage of passion and splendor (114). The same goes for the friendship between these women. eff and passion came between them, causing great betrayal on both sides. This has diminished their friendship until it is in truth no longer there, replaced by lies and treachery. Right before Grace reveals her greatest secret, that Barbara was really Delphins female child, she is feel away from Slade toward the dusky secret mass of the Coliseums (119). The secret mass of ruins is a direct description of their friendship, which was finished because of jealousy and lies. Another important symbol in the sort story is the title. Roman Fever has a double meaning it was an outburst of malaria that plagued Rome in the past, but it also represents the feverish passion present in the womens story.It is a symbol for Alidas jealousy of Grace, and how it has simmered inside her for all of these years. Both of the women are victims of roman fever in the sense that they both fell into dangerous games of love, passion, and betrayal. This betrayal is also alluded to in the story about Aunt Harriet. The story goes that Aunt Harriet sent her little sister to the Forum after sunset to gather a night blooming flowerbut she really sent her because they were in love with the same man (115). The sister died. It is p ossible that Alida was inspired by this story to write the smutty letter to Grace. An element that greatly contributes to the overall tone of the story is irony. Many lines throughout the narrative all culminate to the final line of the story I had Barbara(119). Here, Grace is revealing that her daughter Barbara is also daughter of Alidas husband Delphin. This line alone exposes the irony in many other parts of the story. This is ostensible when Alida is thinking about Barbara Ansley. Babs had more edge.Funny where she got it, with those two nullities as parents (112). Irony is also present when Alida tells Grace that she was wondering how two such exemplary characters as youGrace and Horace had managed to produce anything quite so dynamic? (114). These lines are very ironic because the reader later learns that Horace Ansley had nothing to do with the birth of Barbara. Through the use of irony, symbols, and an omniscient narrator, Edith Wharton presents passion, betrayal, and dece it between two women. It is repeatedly conveyed in the story that things are not always what they appear on the surface, it takes a second look to realize the underlying sentiments that are occurring. This is present both in the infinite symbols in the story as well as the passion that drove Grace and Alidas friendship to ruin. Even though they had known each other for a long time, these two ladies visualised each other, each through the wrong end of her little telescope(113). Because of the destruction that their betrayals had caused when they were young women, these two people who had been intimate since childhood (112) discover that they truly know nothing about the other at all.

Improving school quality

The importance of secondary drill program line in molding learners into responsible citizens of tomorrow cannot be ignored or undermined. Secondary school education is the stepping s intonate for unlimited opportunities for learners to explore the c arr choices that they provoke to pursue further In their lives. Every year the surgical process of secondary schools In the final mental testing come under spotlight as soon as the results be published. Many schools in the previously disadvantaged communities perform poorly in the matrix examination each year.The main aim of this write up is suggest what needs to be done in distinguish to batten that pupils perform healthy in their final examinations given the knowledge of what educational activity and learning means. As a starting point, the paper result define the process of learning and teaching. The factors that affect performance of pupils in relation to teachers will then be given. An outline of the suggestions that w ould result in improved performance will then lead to the end of the discussion.Quality refers to the bill when compared to other affaires of the same type. It shows the goodness or the worth. Quality is associated with efficiency, effectiveness, choice, excellence, equity and social uprightice among other virtues that are designated as the alms of any system purporting to experience effective learning In good schools (Coleman, 1998). Academic performance refers to the level of attainment of learners In the external level 12 examination.It refers to the performance of the school as substantially as the learners in the grade 12 examinations. It reflects both flavour and quantity of the results obtained by the learners in the grade 12 examinations (Bastion, 1995). The management of a school has a very important ole to play in the transition and outgrowth of a school (Thomas, 1992). It is the responsibility of the senior management of the school, the head, to prepare the atmo sphere for effective teaching and learning at the school.Within formal models leading is ascribed to the person at the apex of the hierarchy. It Is assumed that this individual sets the tone of the organization and establishes the major official objectives. In a school the person who Is holding the highest position Is the principal and has to play an effective role as a leader In the school. At the heart f school or any organizational life are leadership and management. It Is these aspects of school life that ensure that all other aspects are held together and developed.Leadership is the art of facilitating a school to do the right thing at the right time, while management is the discipline required to ensure that the school does things right, or functions well (Thomas, 1992). The development of the school computes entirely on the ability of the leadership of the school. To transform and develop schools into efficient centers of excellence, visionary, diligent and farsighted lea ders are required. Effective organizations tend to be purposeful and goal directed. The managers, departments, and the individual members contribute towards explicit goals and have a clear sense of direction.Schools without explicit aims and a Whole-School policy would not take in this criterion of effectiveness. The ability of schools to transform themselves to grow In strength or to have a sloshed sense of purpose and committal Is to a great extent dependent on the quality of leadership in the school (Walsh, 1999). The principal provides the leadership to the principal becomes the lightning rod for every change and programmer that is enforced at the school and assumes a much more important role in the scheme of things.More than Just following policy, the position requires that the person be a planner, a leader, and a conciliator in order to be victorious (Bastion, 1995). The leadership of the principal takes the anchor role in transforming and developing the school into a su ccessful institution. The task of being the educational leader of the school is one that calls for the best in the field of force of personal skills and requires the highest order of human and academic skills (Coleman, 1998).The leadership of the school is responsible for facilitating instructional activities and coordinating computer programme across the individual programmer and school levels for ensuring congruence through defining the school mission and goals, managing the instructional programmer s and promoting a positive school learning climate (Morrison, 1998). The core business of a school as an organization is the effective curriculum delivery. Teaching and learning are required if junior people are to acquire personally enriching, economically necessary and socially desirable knowledge and skills.A school must have a positive environment to facilitate the effective curriculum delivery and the development of skills and values in learners. Without a proper learning envi ronment, effective curriculum delivery cannot take place. The resources that are available at a school can positively influence the quality of the education provided. Our ability to develop the curriculum in the way that we wish to achieve our objectives as a school will, of course, depend on the resources that are available to us.However, it is extremely important that we ensure that the tail does not wag the dog, that the contented of the education that we offer is to determined by the resources most easily available to us, as opposed to by the needs of our learners. Resources are everything at the schools actual or potential disposal to enable it to reach its objectives. Resources similar human resource, physical resource and financial resource are the most important items required for the readiness of quality education. Access to and control of resources are of primeval concern to any organization.In the school context these resources admit finances, administrative equipmen t and materials, teaching equipment and materials and the school facilities themselves (Morrison, 1998). Teachers are invariably regarded as the prime resource in schools because of their central role in the teaching and learning process. The quality of the results produced will depend on the motivation and commitment of the educators who are studying in a school. The quality of their work, and their motivation to perform well are connect directly to the nature of the human resource management process.Where staff management is skilled and sympathetic, a successful organization is likely to result (Branded & Ginning, 1990). In a successful institution, the educators will be prepared to work beyond the normal required hours ND will be using this extra time for conceptualisation and marking of the learners books. A school, which has no skilled, committed, innovative and resourceful staff, cannot provide quality education to the learners and may not produce quality results in the ext ernal examination.Therefore one of the prerequisites for any school to become efficient and to produce quality results is to have an efficient, dynamic, skilled, committed and knowledgeable human resource. Teacher is the main change agent necessary for bringing change in teaching and learning so, the school policy should eve provision for paid development program for teachers. Bonging (2001 53) also indicates the importance of teachers concerns and say, Change can be more successful if the concerns of teachers are considered. Collaborative teaching and learning environment is a source of school effectiveness. So, the school management should promote collaboration in school. The participation of the parents in the management of the education of the learners can positively influence the learning process of the learners. The principal has to utilize this influence and the nutrition of the parents effectively to improve the quality of results that are produced in the previously disad vantaged schools (Solidity & Bull, 1996).The role of parents to influence and persuade their children to be mentally prepared, to obtain quality education cannot be ignored or undermined. They are the role players who could lay a strong foundation and sexual love for quality education in the minds of their children, which will in turn assist the educators largely in providing quality education to their learners.

Marketing Management- Marketing Plan Essay

2 IntroductionThis report is prepared as part of the course entering for Marketing Management (460-741) a core subject towards international Master of Business Administration program at Prince of Songkhla University. The intention of this report is to create a Marketing Plan to epitomes a strategy for success, and breaks it atomic reactor into comprehensible, actionable components that volition enable capital of South Korea-Roy Korean Restaurant to implement marketing activities to provide a straightforward return on investment.This plan is designed to report the external and internal factors that volition influence the companys success in Hatyai market. The topics covers in this plan include situation analysis, marketing strategy, tactical programs, carrying into action and budgets in carrying out the marketing activities which differentiate the business and product offering from our foe and marketing strategy that drive the business to earn higher up average profit.3 Co mpany Summary 3.1 Company OverviewSeoul-Roy is a Hatyai based restaurant serving Korean cuisine, the name Seoul-Roy is easy to remember and easy to pronounce. Seoul reflects the written report of the restaurant for serving Korean cuisine which is a famous destination in Korea, a megacity with a population of over 10 million and a leading global city in the world. Furthermore, Roy agency Delicious in southern Thai dialects, to lease a name meaning Delicious Seoul, conveyed the message that the restaurant having very high standard food. The restaurant name Seoul-Roy will surely admit an impressive memory in potential client first impression that will pluck the node to visit the restaurant for the first time.Seoul-Roy will be operating seven days a workweek inclusive public holiday in operation 365 days throughout the year to ensure that clients have the opportunity to enjoy our delicious whenever they feel like it. Seoul-Roy is a medium size restaurant intensify with cozy, com fy, fri ratiocinationly, and appetite tempting atmosphere for patrons through itsmodern contemporary casual dining style to dig the feeling of refreshing and energizing to dinners. The facility will be divided into indoor area for customer that is seeking cool comfy ambient and outdoor area for customer seeking a confidential information of fresh air. The caf will feature seating for approximately 100 patrons, desert bar, water fountain and spirits bar.3.2 LocationThis restaurant is planned to be situated at the empty land on Thumnoonvithi Road, in Klong Rein area which is approximately 500 m from Tesco and Prince of Songkhla University. With hundred and thousand of local resident, university student and shoppers from separate suburb visiting this area on everyday basis, it does instigate this area to be the perfect sites in town.Marketing ManagementSeoul-Roy marketing PlanFurthermore, Thumnoonvithi Road is one of the major connector between the roadstead on the external circuit to the Hatyai city which have high traffic concentration. In spite of this, at that place is ample parking space along the road that makes it handy for by passer to stop for dine in and appear to be a profit potential site. Moreover, the rent in this area is oftentimes cheaper comparing to the retail shops in major shopping complex such as Tesco, Big C, leeward Garden Plaza and Central.3.3 2.1 ObjectiveThe objective to startup Seoul-Roy includes the pursuit A. B. C. D. E. Become premier food certification serving fusion of Korean food and Thai Food. Provide highest quality fresh and delicious food. examine that every prospect in promoting Seoul-Roy brand are explore and implement. Maintain and expand every possibleness to achieve outstanding reputations. Create an ideal working surround for employee in promoting good communication and enceinte team work. F. Achieving profitable investment return between 4-6 years.G. Achieving total daily customers of 7,000 patrons/month by th e end of second year of operation. The objectives of marketing activities include Tointroduce Korean Cuisine to Hatyai community and Songkhla Province area. To attract 50% of the target market and forecast potential customer. To be perceived as the cleanest restaurant in the region. To be perceived as restaurant serve delicious, quality, and tasty Korean cuisine in the region.3.4 2.2 good deal and MissionSeoul-Roy mission is to bring to the market finest, freshest, and tastiest Fusion Korean cuisine that is inspired by a combination of Korean and Thai cuisine in the Hatyai. In conjunction to Seoul-Roy high standards of quality and cleanliness will ascertain Seoul-Roy growth into a reputable premier Korean cuisine in Hatyai. The mission of Seoul-Roy includes the followingTo bring to the market finest, freshest, and tastiest Korean cuisine. To ensure that all foods are serves to its highest level of freshness, nutrition, and gastronomic. To ensure that all golf-club are serve with e fficiency and effectiveness.To consistently provide exceptional dining experience by demonstrating warmth, welcome, efficiency, professionalism and righteousness in performing our duty. To ensure finest customer service experience that exceed their expectation and excited to revisit the caf again. To continuingly leting innovative and creative products that conform to customer desires. To ensure cleanliness, comfy, warmth and friendly environment in the caf. To provide appropriate training and knowledge to employee in ensuring that the qualities and services standard of the company are achieved.3.5 inaugural CostThe total startup cost of Seoul-Roy for the first year of implementation is as presented in translation Facilities Design Rent Renovation Furniture Equipment Marketing Expense Year 1 Staff compensation (10 person) Training Insurance Utilities Miscellaneous Total (Baht/Yr) Table 1 Seoul-Roy Startup Cost4 postureSeoul-Roy provides differentiated products and services thr ough its superior customer service experience and high quality culinary. Therefore, Seoul-Roy will position the company as restaurant offering service at 50% premium price. The revalue proposition that the target market will pay for this 50% premium price is the superior customer service experience and high quality Korean cuisine. The company will ensure that the restaurant is constantly has a clear proposition of the claimed benefit for the services and products. In this, the company will always monitor the quality of the food produce toMarketing ManagementSeoul-Roy marketing Plan ensure mouth irrigate experience is offered to the customer and consistly advertise on the value proposition of the restaurant through advertising media.5 Situation AnalysisSituation analysis involves evaluating the situation and trends in of Korean Cuisine in Hatyai metropolis which defines and interprets the state of the environment of the disposal. A situation analysis provides the context and kno wledge for planning and achieve above average profit for the memorial tablet. The analysis describes Seoul-Roy competitive position, internal environment, external environment and critical issues. In depiction a clearer understanding of the situation of Korean Cuisineindustry in Hatyai, the report further outline SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats) analysis of the organization. The situation analysis includes in this marketing plan includesExternal Environment privileged Environment SWOT Analysis5.1 External EnvironmentThe external environment affects unwavering growth and advantageousness which also a condition that creates threats and opportunities for firms that have major effects on organization strategic actions. The organization understands of external environment coupling with knowledge on internal environment form its vision to develop its mission and to take actions that result in strategic competitiveness and above-average returns. As shown in Figure 1, an organizations external environment is divided into three major areas which include the general, industry environment and competitor environment. The general environment is composed of dimension of broader society that influences an industry. These dimensions can be group into six environment segments which include demographic, economic, political/legal, socio-cultural, technological and global. The industry environment is a set of factors that directly influences a firm and its competitive actions and competitive responses which include treat of new entrants, power of supplier, power of buyers, and threat of product substitutes and fanaticism of rivalry among competitors. Understanding competitors environments complement prediction on the dynamics of competitors actions, responses, and intention.

Buddhism In Countries

Buddhism is atomic number 53 of the most followed religions in the world. It ushered in Northeastern India in the late 500 B. C. as a monastic movement against the orthodox caste oriented Indian society. The world wide range of followers alters from single hundred fifty to 350 millions. Siddhartha Gautama founded this religion. Being a prince he lead a bearing of ample luxury and comfort. But no brieflyer did he realize the emptiness of his life he renounced his pompous and pampered lifestyle and opted to embark on a journey to the ultimate goal to seek truth, enlightenment, and cycle of rebirths.Glenn Wallis cites a light philosophical penetration on the teachings and idioms of Buddhism. A selected assimilation of 16 essential hold forths extracted from more than 5000 Pali suttas of Buddhism. Wallis provides an illuminating insight analyzing in detail the text containing Mahasattipatthana Sutta, Anapanasati Sutta, Sakunagghi Sutta, Culamalukya Sutta, Tevijja Sutta, Sabba S utta, Kesamutti Sutta, Phenapindupama Sutta, Anattalakkhana Sutta, Bhara Sutta, Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, Gotama Sutta, Parayana Sutta, Nibbuta Sutta, Sankhatalakkhana Sutta, and Asankhatalakkhana Sutta.This compilation is a useful text and a valuable source book citing the selected underlying suttas fattenly versed with an eloquent introduction and fairly understandable nones. Glenns accessible translation of the Buddhas precepts to his followers had given an opportunity to the twenty-first century readers in the modern west to take lessons of life from the great teacher. The enlightened Buddha is a figure vastly acclaimed byout Asia since millenniums for his great wisdom that enlightened mussiness illuminating the travel plan to a connoteingful life of satisfaction.To mean solar day, in the west his teachings atomic number 18 intensely adapt by adherents, psychologists, philosophers and physicists who find his doctrines on kind situation lucidly descriptive and his r ecommended practice of hypothesis to be implemented in awakening to a situation with transp atomic number 18ncy and calm temperament. Buddha, the mythical figure is not an answer to a woefulness seeker of relief the optimum answer lays in the preached teachings of Siddhartha Gautama- an ordinary someone who rose to be a great spiritual teacher. Buddhism emerged in crisis.Siddhartha Gautama, the royal youth one day started finding the worldly pleasures useless and threatening. His life started walking towards a destination to find a probative answer to the perturbed life of compassionate race. On his fashion towards enlightenment he claims to have discovered a noticeable aspect which was capable of dealing with Lifes problems. The Pali postnon contain two incorrupt sutras which supports this discovery. The sutras are Quenched and Destination. Glenn summarized sixteen suttas from the five thousand Pali dialects.The two most popular covers of Pali hit from the Theravada Budd hism are the Satipatthana Sutta and the Mahasattipatthana sutta. This sutta is accepted and provides a potential practice to mindfulness. Buddha defines this Sutta in four parts for establishing mindfulness (Sattipatthana) body, sensations (or feelings), mind (or consciousness) and mental contents Kaya (body) ? Breathing ? Postures (Walking, Standing, Sitting, Lying D take in) ? Clarity of understanding ? Thoughtful approach towards nefariousness of the Body ? Thoughtfulness over Material Elements ? Cemetery meditationsFeelings (sensations) Satisfactory or unsatisfactory or feelings of neutrality. bourgeois or spiritual feelings Chitta (Mind/Consciousness) ? Passionate desire(saragam) or non passionate (vitaragam) ? Hatred or aversion(sadosam) or without hatred (vitadosam) ? absurd self belief (samoham) or not delusive (vitamoham) ? Contracted (sankhittam) or dispersed (vikkhittam) ? Nobility (mahaggatam) or without nobility (amahaggatam) ? Outstanding (sa-uttaram) or unsurpas sed (anuttaram) ? discreet (samahitam) or indiscreet (asamahitam) ? released (vimuttam) or unreleased (avimuttam)(Dhamma) psychogenic Contents ? The five obstructions ? The Aggregates (skandha) of clinging (upadana). ? The Sense-Bases (Atayana) and their Fetters. ? The seven factors of Enlightenment. ? The four noble Truths. The Anapanasati Sutta (Breath mindfulness) illustrates the detailed instructions of the Buddha on the practice of victimisation breadth (anapana) as a focus of mindfulness (sati) meditation. The discourse leads to a sixteen step influence to develop mental concentration. The destination is to forge to be insightful and understandable regarding the Four Foundations of Mindfulness (Satipahana), the 7 Factors of Awakening (Bojjhangas), and finally Nibbana. The Anapanasati Sutta is an acclaimed text in Theravada Buddhism. Theravada Pali Cannon represents this as the 118th discourse in the Majjhima Nikaya. Buddha defines mindfulness of the hint to be developed and repeatedly practiced to receive fruitful benefits in life leading to pellucidness of vision and deliverance. The path to be traced to reach this destination follows Excelling in Breath mindfulness (Pali anapanasati) aids to the nonsuch of the four Foundations of Mindfulness (satipatthana). The perfection of the Seven Factors of Enlightenment (Bojjhanga) is the result of developing The Four Foundations of Mindfulness. Development in The Seven Foundations of Enlightenment aids to clarity vision and deliverance. According to Jataka, the Sakunagghi sutta relates a story which goes on homogeneous this The Bodhisattva once reincarnated as a reduce and was snatched one day by a falcon. Its then that the quail lamented on not organism in the feeding ground of his own people, he felt his twinge was due to his diversion from his fellow beings.The proud falcon let the Quail go saying that he is capable of seizing him from any situation or place. The quail grabbed the opportunity and fled back and perched on an commodious lump of earth and challenged the Falcon. The falcon took an attempt to swoop down to get hold of the quail, but stippled to pieces against the clod as the Quail efficiently took a sharp turn over. Sakunagghi Sutta is the name given in the Uddana of the Samayutta. It is the introductory Jataka of the Sutta. A monk must be attached spiritually to his own pasture ground, his own possession, his native beat (pettikavisaya) e.g. the four Satipattanas. Lust is the result of getting incited through passion fraught of objects, sounds etcetera Jataka was related through the preaching of the Sakunovada Sutta. Culamalukya Sutta was delivered at Savatthi to the Bhikkhu Malukya. One afternoon the vulnerable Bhikkhu Malukya interrupted Buddhas meditation to clarify his queries regarding the popular classical questions How eternal is the universe, how exchangeable is the soul and the body, is soul and body are divers(prenominal) from one another, wheth er life ends after death or it still exists and so on.The joyous one, Buddha patiently replied and explained that these views do not regulate the practice of holy life. No question what notion one creates its evident that in that respect will be birth, ageing, decay, death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief and distress. Buddha made it clear that he teaches only about Dukkha- its cause, cessation and the right smart leading to its cessation. He assured Malukya to show the path of ultimate realization of truth. Tevijja Sutta is compiled as the thirteenth Sutta of the Digha Nikaya. This doctrine was preached to Vasettha and Bharadvaja when they visited the blessed one at Manasakata.The Buddha through detailed conversation educates them about the futility of the long procured notion that merely get winding knowledge of the three Vedas can be a leading channel to reunite with Brahma. Such trades union can be attained only by practicing the four Brahma-Viharas. When Buddha was on a tour through the kingdom of Kosala, two Brahmin youths had the privilege to meet him. They requested Buddha to settle their dispute as to how they could attain the path leading to companionship with the eternal Brahma. Each of them cultivated their own notion to be true, as shown by their own master.Buddha explained that none of their masters had happened to see Brahma, so they are blindfolded to precede the constantly traced path of the unknown. He further helped them derive the true path that actually led to the Brahma realm, i. e. the path that kindled morality and concentration, and development of loving-kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy and equanimity for all sentient beings. According to the Sabbasava Sutta the blessed one put forward his message for the monks saying, fermentation ends when one knows and sees, but it is not relevant to one who does not know and does not see.This knowledge and sight is related to appropriate attention and inappropriate attention. A monks inappropriate attention arise unaccomplished fermentation, and arisen fermentation increases. But appropriate attention doesnt leave space for unaccomplished fermentation to arise and abandon the arisen fermentation. This sutta proposes a process of eradication of few taints bulletproof desire tamed for acquiring sensual pleasure, desire for being and ignorance. These taints are eventually nurtured along with stupid attentiveness causing defilements.Such defilement can be regulated through the seven method path of optimistic attribute Observing or Seeing, Restraining, Using, Enduring, Avoiding, Removing and Developing. So says the cursed one, When you know for yourselves, These things are wholesome these things are blameless these things are praised by the wise these things, if undertaken and practiced, lead to welfare and happiness, then you should engage in them. Buddha Kesamutti Sutta is a well known discourse to the Kalamas is often related as the Buddhas charter for Freedom of enquiry.It can be found in the Book of threes in the gradual Sayings. Kesamutta was a business town of the Kalamas. This being an important part of the entire discourse, begins with Kalamas desirous to clarify how relevant are the doctrines that they have been hearing from heterogeneous teachers. They wanted to know the truth as every teacher appreciates their own opinions and disparages the view point of others. Buddha clears their views by asking them to experiment every teaching and then imply them in their own life.But that doesnt mean one should defy all teachings and prove to be a cynical materialist. This attitude would rather whizz up unnecessary self esteem and reverse their urge to investigate any further. To conclude it states how an admirable disciple abides to defy covetousness, ill-will, and confusion, with an expanded morality nurturing love, kindness, compassion, sympathy, joy, and equanimity. This enriches his bliss and gears his happiness till eternity. To su m up, he is self assured and content.The Phenapindupama Sutta speaks about Rupa which is frothy in nature due to its instability, impermanency, and constantly rising and diminishing attribute. wherefore it is not self, rather unrealistic. Vedana is truly comparable to an air bubble which is always unsustainable. Our life values discordant sensations similar to bubbles, vanishing in no time, impermanent, untrustworthy, the nature of Anicca, dukhha and anatta. Perception of sense apprehends whatever it visualizes, hears, smells, tastes, touches or knows are nada but a mirage.Consideration of samana as a being, the gender difference is but a mere color like a mirage. Practically it is merely a phenomenon of incessant emerging and diminishing. Sankara, volitional activities, are similar to plantain trunks. Layers of fibrous materials constitute to form the plantain trunk without any substantial, solid inner core. Shankara is solely like the plantain trunk without any inner substanc e. Consciousness has similarity with conjurors trick. It emerges and vanishes indoors no time. Consciousness arises devoid of ones desire, but as per condition of its own cause and circumstances.The Anattalakkhana Sutta (Pali, not- self attribute Discourse), also popular as the Pancavaggiya Sutta (Pali, Group of Five Ascetics), is considered to be the second discourse delivered by the Blessed Buddha. In this discourse Buddha dealt with the physical and mental human constituents and surfaces that they both are impermanent. (anicca), subject to suffering ( dukkha) and thus unfit for identification with the self the soul (atta). The pali canon contains Anattalakkhana Sutta in the Samuyatta Nikaya (Connected Collection).This discourse happens to be a part of the Buddhist monastic code (Vinaya). The Bhara sutta can be illustrated as human body being one of the Khandhas bears a heavy burden. Desire to serve it persists on carrying the heavy burden. We are carrying the burden even when w e feed or clothe ourselves. We are just mere servants to the wholesome matter (rupakkhandha). Along with the food and clothing we are responsible of maintaining the physical and psychological stability and scatter happiness. This go is towards the aggregate of feelings and sentiments ( vedanakkhandha).We are also liable to cater to the bodies hearing and visual needs and the wellness. Consciousness deals these concerns. and then we are ultimately a servant to the aggregate of consciousness (vinnanakkhandha). The violation of activities (sankharakkhandha) and our temperament to do the improper to satisfy our desires also constitute to our burden. We also tend to bear the burden of aggregate perception (sannakkhandha) as this sense of human beings which train their faculties of mind and brain to retain knowledge and make it capable of realizing what is close and what is evil.Our desires on being good if satisfied finds tempted towards evil and after committing a mistake we repent and inadvertently the burden adds on. Hence, Buddha declared the five aggregates of clinging (Upadanakkhandha) as a heavy burden. Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta is the first discourse that he delivered soon after attaining Enlightenment. He illustrated this Sutta to the group of five monks who accompanied him while practicing austerities in the forest for long years. This discourse contains significant teachings of the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path.Hearing to this discourse, his disciple monk Kondanna attained the first show of Enlightenment, hence giving rise to Ariya Sangha (Noble Sangha). This discourse is better known as the Dhammachakka Sutta or the Wheel of Dhamma discourse. The Gotama Sutta is an elaborate description that Buddha delivers to his disciples, reveals the path he traversed to attain the ultimate Enlightenment. He had some thoughts disturbing him throughout and he wanted an apparent release from death decay and suffering that human race had been to lerating since long.Through Paryana Sutta Buddha teaches Goal, the ultimate destination and the path to be followed to attain it. It was so called because it leads to Nibbana (Nibbanasankhatam Param Ayanto Parayana Ti Laddhavoharam Dhammam). Nibbuta Sutta derives from human character of leading life noticeably beyond limit and quenching the desires he had nurtured whole life. It is the extraction of all the sacrifices a person does to hand the ultimate goal. Nibbuta is the coolness which is derived by quenching of defilement, either by himself or by someone else.As this longing is quenched only coolness persists. Sankhatalakkhana Sutta demonstrates how a person fabricates his wishes in life on not having executed naturally. How he makes amends to illuminate his life and forget the failures. Where as Asankhatalakkana sutta displays a satisfactory life contended with whatever is provided naturally and does not keep his soul in disguise but demonstrate the true atma. Buddhism, a p hilosophical religion encompasses a variety of traditions beliefs and practices mainly based on the doctrines and preaching of Lord Buddha (the awakened one).The Blessed one resided in North eastern Indian subcontinent between the 6th and the 4th century B. C. he is considered to be an awakened teacher who shared his insight with his disciples to aid sentient beings end suffering (Dukkha) and achieve Nirvana. The religion is divided into two branches, The Theravada and The Mahayana. Both branches are found throughout the world. It is considered to be the worlds fourth largest religion with near about 500 million followers. In spite of being a royal character Siddhartha Gautama left behind the worldly pleasures to find a path that leads to an end to human sufferings.He attained his Enlightenment demolishing the fetters of his mind, under a Boddhi tree in Boddh Gaya, India. Through his doctrines (popularly known as Suttas) preached the reality of life through his Eight fold Paths and The Four Noble Paths. Buddha was an epitome of spirituality. Glenn Wallis had highlighted a descriptive insight of the sixteen Suttas which are always relevant to aid human life and inspire them to essay to end suffering. Glenns keen eye for the details is highly appreciable both for the resource and tonicity it resembles.